TY - JOUR
T1 - Trends and centennial-scale variability of surface water temperatures in the North Atlantic during the Holocene
AU - Sicre, Marie Alexandrine
AU - Jalali, Bassem
AU - Eiríksson, Jón
AU - Knudsen, Karen Luise
AU - Klein, Vincent
AU - Pellichero, Violaine
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Two sediment cores retrieved off North Iceland (western Nordic Seas) and on the eastern flank of Reykjanes Ridge (Iceland Basin) were analyzed to generate high-resolution alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records to investigate North Atlantic Ocean circulation changes during the Holocene. Early Holocene SSTs off North Iceland were unstable (10 ± 1 °C) and 3 °C warmer than today reflecting active northward heat transport of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) interrupted by intermittent Polar Waters incursions onto the North Icelandic shelf. The Holocene thermal optimum occurred synchronously east of Reykjanes Ridge, with a mean value of 11.5 °C (±0.5 °C) similar to today, consistent with a sustained influence of AMOC. Both records indicate that the circulation across the North Atlantic intensified between 8000 and 7000 yr BP. Thereafter, SSTs in the two basin sites broadly depict opposing trends and centennial-scale oscillations and a notable cooling at ∼5300 yr BP that coincides with Bond 4 event and the temporary collapse of the deep-water circulation. From 2500 yr BP onwards, SSTs in the Iceland Basin and the western Nordic Seas diverge leading to a marked cooling/warming dipole resulting in a temperature difference today of 4.5 °C. We show that SST trends and centennial-scale variability reflect variations of the subpolar gyre (SPG) circulation linked to drifting ice events and convection changes in the Labrador and Nordic Seas.
AB - Two sediment cores retrieved off North Iceland (western Nordic Seas) and on the eastern flank of Reykjanes Ridge (Iceland Basin) were analyzed to generate high-resolution alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) records to investigate North Atlantic Ocean circulation changes during the Holocene. Early Holocene SSTs off North Iceland were unstable (10 ± 1 °C) and 3 °C warmer than today reflecting active northward heat transport of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) interrupted by intermittent Polar Waters incursions onto the North Icelandic shelf. The Holocene thermal optimum occurred synchronously east of Reykjanes Ridge, with a mean value of 11.5 °C (±0.5 °C) similar to today, consistent with a sustained influence of AMOC. Both records indicate that the circulation across the North Atlantic intensified between 8000 and 7000 yr BP. Thereafter, SSTs in the two basin sites broadly depict opposing trends and centennial-scale oscillations and a notable cooling at ∼5300 yr BP that coincides with Bond 4 event and the temporary collapse of the deep-water circulation. From 2500 yr BP onwards, SSTs in the Iceland Basin and the western Nordic Seas diverge leading to a marked cooling/warming dipole resulting in a temperature difference today of 4.5 °C. We show that SST trends and centennial-scale variability reflect variations of the subpolar gyre (SPG) circulation linked to drifting ice events and convection changes in the Labrador and Nordic Seas.
KW - Alkenones
KW - Holocene
KW - North Atlantic
KW - SST
KW - Subpolar gyre circulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109552081&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107033
DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107033
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85109552081
SN - 0277-3791
VL - 265
JO - Quaternary Science Reviews
JF - Quaternary Science Reviews
M1 - 107033
ER -