Recent years, Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) materials have drawn great attentions due to their potential applications in gas sorption/separation and luminescent sensing. In this dissertation, the recent progress of MOF materials is reviewed, with specific focus on the functionalization, size control and properties of MOF materials. A cationic MOF material was synthesized, and small hydrocarbons C1/C2 sorption/separation properties were studied. A MOF with both open metal sites and Lewis basic pyridyl sites was developed, and C2H2, CO2 and CH4 gas sorption/separation properties were explored. A nanoscale MOF material with controllable size was realized whose morphology has been simulated base on the BFDH method, and the sensing of bacteria endospores was research in detail. We also report the synthesis and sensing of nitroaromatic explosives of a nanoscale MOF material.