Selective types of autophagy in yeast

TY - JOUR

T1 - Selective types of autophagy in yeast

AU - Kraft, Claudine

AU - Reggiori, Fulvio

AU - Peter, Matthias

PY - 2009/9

Y1 - 2009/9

N2 - Autophagy is the process through which cytosol and organelles are sequestered into a double-membrane vesicle called an autophagosome and delivered to the vacuole/lysosome for breakdown and recycling. One of its primary roles in unicellular organisms is to regulate intracellular homeostasis and to adjust organelle numbers in response to stress such as changes in nutrient availability. In higher eukaryotes, autophagy plays also an important role in stress-response, development, cell differentiation, immunity and tumor suppression. Importantly, a misregulation in this catabolic pathway is associated with diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration and myopathies. For a long time, starvation-induced autophagy has been considered a non-selective pathway, however, numerous recent observations revealed that autophagy can also selectively eliminate specific proteins, protein complexes and organelles. Most of these studies used yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. In this compendium, we will review what is known about the mechanisms and roles of selective types of autophagy in yeast and highlight possible connections of these pathways with human diseases. In addition, we will discuss some selective types of autophagy, which have so far only been described in higher eukaryotes.

AB - Autophagy is the process through which cytosol and organelles are sequestered into a double-membrane vesicle called an autophagosome and delivered to the vacuole/lysosome for breakdown and recycling. One of its primary roles in unicellular organisms is to regulate intracellular homeostasis and to adjust organelle numbers in response to stress such as changes in nutrient availability. In higher eukaryotes, autophagy plays also an important role in stress-response, development, cell differentiation, immunity and tumor suppression. Importantly, a misregulation in this catabolic pathway is associated with diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration and myopathies. For a long time, starvation-induced autophagy has been considered a non-selective pathway, however, numerous recent observations revealed that autophagy can also selectively eliminate specific proteins, protein complexes and organelles. Most of these studies used yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. In this compendium, we will review what is known about the mechanisms and roles of selective types of autophagy in yeast and highlight possible connections of these pathways with human diseases. In addition, we will discuss some selective types of autophagy, which have so far only been described in higher eukaryotes.

KW - Autophagy

KW - Eukaryotic Cells/cytology

KW - Models, Biological

KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology

U2 - 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.02.006

DO - 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.02.006

M3 - Review

C2 - 19264099

SN - 0006-3002

VL - 1793

SP - 1404

EP - 1412

JO - B B A - Proteins and Proteomics

JF - B B A - Proteins and Proteomics

IS - 9

ER -