Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations

Yongqiang Zhou; Miao Liu; Lei Zhou; Kyoung Soon Jang; Hai Xu; Kun Shi; Guangwei Zhu; Mingliang Liu; Jianming Deng; Yunlin Zhang; Robert G.M. Spencer; Dolly N. Kothawala; Erik Jeppesen; Fengchang Wu

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471

Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations

Yongqiang Zhou, Miao Liu, Lei Zhou, Kyoung Soon Jang, Hai Xu, Kun Shi, Guangwei Zhu, Mingliang Liu, Jianming Deng, Yunlin Zhang^*, Robert G.M. Spencer, Dolly N. Kothawala, Erik Jeppesen, Fengchang Wu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Arctic Research Centre - Arctic Research Center, ECOS Water

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61 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Rainstorm events can flush large amounts of terrestrial organic-rich material into lakes that are used for drinking water. To date, few studies have been carried out to investigate how rainstorm events change the molecular composition, bio-lability, and flux of upstream-imported dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can impact the odor and taste of drinking water as well as the efficiency of wastewater treatment. We undertook high-frequency buoy monitoring and point sample collection (n = 495), during high, moderate, and low inflow discharge, in Lake Qiandao, a key drinking water source for about 10 million people. Data from two online fluorescent DOM sensors deployed and field samples collected at the river site, Jiekou, and the lake site, Xiaojinshan, showed that rainstorm events increased the specific UV absorbance (SUVA₂₅₄), humification index (HIX), humic-like components (C1-C2), and FT-ICR MS derived condensed aromatic and polyphenolic compounds (p < 0.001) and decreased the spectral slope of DOM (S_275–295), spectral slope ratio (S_R), biological index (BIX), and highly bio-degradable peptide-like and aliphatic substances (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that rainstorm events enhanced the export to the lake of colored, hydrophobic, and aromatic DOM. Upstream-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations decreased (p < 0.001), while DOC bio-availability (BDOC) increased only slightly (p < 0.05) during rainstorm events. The loss rate of DOC in Lake Qiandao is 0.82 × 10⁴ t C yr⁻¹, of which 0.30 × 10⁴ t C yr⁻¹ is highly bio-labile, and higher occurrences of both ≥ 25 mm d ⁻ ¹ and ≥ 50 mm d ⁻ ¹ rainfall events are anticipated by linear fittings for this region in the future. The application of in situ fluorescence sensors provides an early warning of DOC surge incidents caused by rainstorm events and may be useful in advising drinking water treatment plant managers of changes in raw water DOM quality and treatability.

Original language	English
Article number	116471
Journal	Water Research
Volume	187
Number of pages	12
ISSN	0043-1354
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471
Publication status	Published - Dec 2020

Keywords

Dissolved organic matter (DOM)
Drinking water lake
Fluorescence
FT-ICR MS
Molecular composition
Rainstorms

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10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471

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Zhou, Y., Liu, M., Zhou, L., Jang, K. S., Xu, H., Shi, K., Zhu, G., Liu, M., Deng, J., Zhang, Y., Spencer, R. G. M., Kothawala, D. N., Jeppesen, E., & Wu, F. (2020). Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations. Water Research, 187, Article 116471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471

@article{6a9c6812fb3d4284a1ec240d5473ca11,

title = "Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations",

abstract = "Rainstorm events can flush large amounts of terrestrial organic-rich material into lakes that are used for drinking water. To date, few studies have been carried out to investigate how rainstorm events change the molecular composition, bio-lability, and flux of upstream-imported dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can impact the odor and taste of drinking water as well as the efficiency of wastewater treatment. We undertook high-frequency buoy monitoring and point sample collection (n = 495), during high, moderate, and low inflow discharge, in Lake Qiandao, a key drinking water source for about 10 million people. Data from two online fluorescent DOM sensors deployed and field samples collected at the river site, Jiekou, and the lake site, Xiaojinshan, showed that rainstorm events increased the specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), humification index (HIX), humic-like components (C1-C2), and FT-ICR MS derived condensed aromatic and polyphenolic compounds (p < 0.001) and decreased the spectral slope of DOM (S275–295), spectral slope ratio (SR), biological index (BIX), and highly bio-degradable peptide-like and aliphatic substances (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that rainstorm events enhanced the export to the lake of colored, hydrophobic, and aromatic DOM. Upstream-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations decreased (p < 0.001), while DOC bio-availability (BDOC) increased only slightly (p < 0.05) during rainstorm events. The loss rate of DOC in Lake Qiandao is 0.82 × 104 t C yr−1, of which 0.30 × 104 t C yr−1 is highly bio-labile, and higher occurrences of both ≥ 25 mm d − 1 and ≥ 50 mm d − 1 rainfall events are anticipated by linear fittings for this region in the future. The application of in situ fluorescence sensors provides an early warning of DOC surge incidents caused by rainstorm events and may be useful in advising drinking water treatment plant managers of changes in raw water DOM quality and treatability.",

keywords = "Dissolved organic matter (DOM), Drinking water lake, Fluorescence, FT-ICR MS, Molecular composition, Rainstorms",

author = "Yongqiang Zhou and Miao Liu and Lei Zhou and Jang, {Kyoung Soon} and Hai Xu and Kun Shi and Guangwei Zhu and Mingliang Liu and Jianming Deng and Yunlin Zhang and Spencer, {Robert G.M.} and Kothawala, {Dolly N.} and Erik Jeppesen and Fengchang Wu",

year = "2020",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471",

language = "English",

volume = "187",

journal = "Water Research",

issn = "0043-1354",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",

}

Zhou, Y, Liu, M, Zhou, L, Jang, KS, Xu, H, Shi, K, Zhu, G, Liu, M, Deng, J, Zhang, Y, Spencer, RGM, Kothawala, DN, Jeppesen, E & Wu, F 2020, 'Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations', Water Research, vol. 187, 116471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471

Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations. / Zhou, Yongqiang; Liu, Miao; Zhou, Lei et al.
In: Water Research, Vol. 187, 116471, 12.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China

T2 - High frequency buoys and field observations

AU - Zhou, Yongqiang

AU - Liu, Miao

AU - Zhou, Lei

AU - Jang, Kyoung Soon

AU - Xu, Hai

AU - Shi, Kun

AU - Zhu, Guangwei

AU - Liu, Mingliang

AU - Deng, Jianming

AU - Zhang, Yunlin

AU - Spencer, Robert G.M.

AU - Kothawala, Dolly N.

AU - Jeppesen, Erik

AU - Wu, Fengchang

PY - 2020/12

Y1 - 2020/12

N2 - Rainstorm events can flush large amounts of terrestrial organic-rich material into lakes that are used for drinking water. To date, few studies have been carried out to investigate how rainstorm events change the molecular composition, bio-lability, and flux of upstream-imported dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can impact the odor and taste of drinking water as well as the efficiency of wastewater treatment. We undertook high-frequency buoy monitoring and point sample collection (n = 495), during high, moderate, and low inflow discharge, in Lake Qiandao, a key drinking water source for about 10 million people. Data from two online fluorescent DOM sensors deployed and field samples collected at the river site, Jiekou, and the lake site, Xiaojinshan, showed that rainstorm events increased the specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), humification index (HIX), humic-like components (C1-C2), and FT-ICR MS derived condensed aromatic and polyphenolic compounds (p < 0.001) and decreased the spectral slope of DOM (S275–295), spectral slope ratio (SR), biological index (BIX), and highly bio-degradable peptide-like and aliphatic substances (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that rainstorm events enhanced the export to the lake of colored, hydrophobic, and aromatic DOM. Upstream-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations decreased (p < 0.001), while DOC bio-availability (BDOC) increased only slightly (p < 0.05) during rainstorm events. The loss rate of DOC in Lake Qiandao is 0.82 × 104 t C yr−1, of which 0.30 × 104 t C yr−1 is highly bio-labile, and higher occurrences of both ≥ 25 mm d − 1 and ≥ 50 mm d − 1 rainfall events are anticipated by linear fittings for this region in the future. The application of in situ fluorescence sensors provides an early warning of DOC surge incidents caused by rainstorm events and may be useful in advising drinking water treatment plant managers of changes in raw water DOM quality and treatability.

AB - Rainstorm events can flush large amounts of terrestrial organic-rich material into lakes that are used for drinking water. To date, few studies have been carried out to investigate how rainstorm events change the molecular composition, bio-lability, and flux of upstream-imported dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can impact the odor and taste of drinking water as well as the efficiency of wastewater treatment. We undertook high-frequency buoy monitoring and point sample collection (n = 495), during high, moderate, and low inflow discharge, in Lake Qiandao, a key drinking water source for about 10 million people. Data from two online fluorescent DOM sensors deployed and field samples collected at the river site, Jiekou, and the lake site, Xiaojinshan, showed that rainstorm events increased the specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), humification index (HIX), humic-like components (C1-C2), and FT-ICR MS derived condensed aromatic and polyphenolic compounds (p < 0.001) and decreased the spectral slope of DOM (S275–295), spectral slope ratio (SR), biological index (BIX), and highly bio-degradable peptide-like and aliphatic substances (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that rainstorm events enhanced the export to the lake of colored, hydrophobic, and aromatic DOM. Upstream-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations decreased (p < 0.001), while DOC bio-availability (BDOC) increased only slightly (p < 0.05) during rainstorm events. The loss rate of DOC in Lake Qiandao is 0.82 × 104 t C yr−1, of which 0.30 × 104 t C yr−1 is highly bio-labile, and higher occurrences of both ≥ 25 mm d − 1 and ≥ 50 mm d − 1 rainfall events are anticipated by linear fittings for this region in the future. The application of in situ fluorescence sensors provides an early warning of DOC surge incidents caused by rainstorm events and may be useful in advising drinking water treatment plant managers of changes in raw water DOM quality and treatability.

KW - Dissolved organic matter (DOM)

KW - Drinking water lake

KW - Fluorescence

KW - FT-ICR MS

KW - Molecular composition

KW - Rainstorms

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092067747&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471

DO - 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116471

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 33032105

AN - SCOPUS:85092067747

SN - 0043-1354

VL - 187

JO - Water Research

JF - Water Research

M1 - 116471

ER -

Rainstorm events shift the molecular composition and export of dissolved organic matter in a large drinking water reservoir in China: High frequency buoys and field observations

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Keywords

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