Peripheral blood molecular measurable residual disease is sufficient to identify patients with acute myeloid leukaemia with imminent clinical relapse

TY - JOUR

T1 - Peripheral blood molecular measurable residual disease is sufficient to identify patients with acute myeloid leukaemia with imminent clinical relapse

AU - Skou, Anne Sofie

AU - Juul-Dam, Kristian Løvvik

AU - Ommen, Hans B.

AU - Hasle, Henrik

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

PY - 2021/11

Y1 - 2021/11

N2 - Longitudinal molecular measurable residual disease (MRD) sampling after completion of therapy serves as a refined tool for identification of imminent relapse of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) among patients in long-term haematological complete remission. Tracking of increasing quantitative polymerase chain reaction MRD before cytomorphological reappearance of blasts may instigate individual management decisions and has paved the way for development of pre-emptive treatment strategies to substantially delay or perhaps even revert leukaemic regrowth. Traditionally, MRD monitoring is performed using repeated bone marrow aspirations, albeit the current European LeukemiaNet MRD recommendations acknowledge the use of peripheral blood as an alternative source for MRD assessment. Persistent MRD positivity in the bone marrow despite continuous morphological remission is frequent in both core binding factor leukaemias and nucleophosmin 1-mutated AML. In contrast, monthly assessment of MRD in peripheral blood superiorly separates patients with imminent haematological relapse from long-term remitters and may allow pre-emptive therapy of AML relapse.

AB - Longitudinal molecular measurable residual disease (MRD) sampling after completion of therapy serves as a refined tool for identification of imminent relapse of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) among patients in long-term haematological complete remission. Tracking of increasing quantitative polymerase chain reaction MRD before cytomorphological reappearance of blasts may instigate individual management decisions and has paved the way for development of pre-emptive treatment strategies to substantially delay or perhaps even revert leukaemic regrowth. Traditionally, MRD monitoring is performed using repeated bone marrow aspirations, albeit the current European LeukemiaNet MRD recommendations acknowledge the use of peripheral blood as an alternative source for MRD assessment. Persistent MRD positivity in the bone marrow despite continuous morphological remission is frequent in both core binding factor leukaemias and nucleophosmin 1-mutated AML. In contrast, monthly assessment of MRD in peripheral blood superiorly separates patients with imminent haematological relapse from long-term remitters and may allow pre-emptive therapy of AML relapse.

KW - acute myeloid leukaemia

KW - measurable residual disease

KW - molecular relapse

KW - pre-emptive therapy

KW - quantitative polymerase chain reaction

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104133916&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/bjh.17449

DO - 10.1111/bjh.17449

M3 - Review

C2 - 33851435

AN - SCOPUS:85104133916

SN - 0007-1048

VL - 195

SP - 310

EP - 327

JO - British Journal of Haematology

JF - British Journal of Haematology

IS - 3

ER -