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North Atlantic winter cyclones starve seabirds

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  • Manon Clairbaux, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS)
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  • Paul Mathewson, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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  • Warren Porter, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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  • Jérôme Fort, Universite du Littoral Cote d'Opal
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  • Hallvard Strøm, Norwegian Polar Institute
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  • Børge Moe, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Per Fauchald, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Sebastien Descamps, Norwegian Polar Institute
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  • Hálfdán H Helgason, Norwegian Polar Institute
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  • Vegard S Bråthen, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Benjamin Merkel, Akvaplan-niva
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  • Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Ingar S Bringsvor, Norwegian Ornithological Society
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  • Olivier Chastel, Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC)
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  • Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Jóhannis Danielsen, Faroe Marine Research Institute, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
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  • Francis Daunt, Lancaster University
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  • Nina Dehnhard, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Kjell Einar Erikstad, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
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  • Alexey Ezhov, Murmansk Marine Biological Institute KSC RAS
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  • Maria Gavrilo, Association Maritime Heritage
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  • Yuri Krasnov, Murmansk Marine Biological Institute KSC RAS
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  • Magdalene Langset, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Svein-H Lorentsen, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Mark Newell, Lancaster University
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  • Bergur Olsen, Faroe Marine Research Institute, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
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  • Tone K Reiertsen, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Geir Helge Systad, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
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  • Thorkell L Thórarinsson, Northeast Iceland Nature Research Centre
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  • Mark Baran, University of New Brunswick
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  • Tony Diamond, University of New Brunswick
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  • Annette L Fayet, University of Oxford
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  • Michelle G Fitzsimmons, Wildlife Research Division
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  • Morten Frederiksen
  • Hugh G Gilchrist, National Wildlife Research Centre
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  • Tim Guilford, University of Oxford
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  • Nicholas P Huffeldt
  • Mark Jessopp, University College Cork
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  • Kasper L Johansen
  • Amy-Lee Kouwenberg, Bird Studies Canada
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  • Jannie F Linnebjerg
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  • Heather L Major, University of New Brunswick
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  • Laura McFarlane Tranquilla, Bird Studies Canada
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  • Mark Mallory, Acadia University
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  • Flemming R Merkel
  • William Montevecchi, Memorial University of Newfoundland
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  • Anders Mosbech
  • Aevar Petersen, University of Iceland
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  • David Grémillet, University of Cape Town

Each winter, the North Atlantic Ocean is the stage for numerous cyclones, the most severe ones leading to seabird mass-mortality events called "winter wrecks."1-3 During these, thousands of emaciated seabird carcasses are washed ashore along European and North American coasts. Winter cyclones can therefore shape seabird population dynamics4,5 by affecting survival rates as well as the body condition of surviving individuals and thus their future reproduction. However, most often the geographic origins of impacted seabirds and the causes of their deaths remain unclear.6 We performed the first ocean-basin scale assessment of cyclone exposure in a seabird community by coupling winter tracking data for ∼1,500 individuals of five key North Atlantic seabird species (Alle alle, Fratercula arctica, Uria aalge, Uria lomvia, and Rissa tridactyla) and cyclone locations. We then explored the energetic consequences of different cyclonic conditions using a mechanistic bioenergetics model7 and tested the hypothesis that cyclones dramatically increase seabird energy requirements. We demonstrated that cyclones of high intensity impacted birds from all studied species and breeding colonies during winter but especially those aggregating in the Labrador Sea, the Davis Strait, the surroundings of Iceland, and the Barents Sea. Our broad-scale analyses suggested that cyclonic conditions do not increase seabird energy requirements, implying that they die because of the unavailability of their prey and/or their inability to feed during cyclones. Our study provides essential information on seabird cyclone exposure in a context of marked cyclone regime changes due to global warming.8.

Original languageEnglish
JournalCurrent Biology
Volume31
Issue17
Pages (from-to)3964-3971.e3
Number of pages12
ISSN0960-9822
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 13 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

Crown Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

    Research areas

  • BEHAVIOR, DEPTHS, EVENTS, IMPACTS, MIGRATION, MOVEMENT, PUFFINS, STORMS, STRATEGIES, SURVIVAL

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