Latest knowledge about changes in the proteome in microgravity

Herbert Schulz, Sebastian M Strauch, Peter Richter, Markus Wehland, Marcus Krüger, Jayashree Sahana, Thomas J Corydon, Petra Wise, Ronni Baran, Michael Lebert, Daniela Grimm

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaperReviewResearchpeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: : A long-term stay of humans in space causes a large number of well-known health problems and changes in protists and plants. Deep space exploration will increase the time humans or rodents will spend in microgravity (µg). Moreover, they are exposed to cosmic radiation, hypodynamia, and isolation. OMICS investigations will increase our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of µg-induced alterations in vivo and in vitro.

AREAS COVERED: : We summarize the findings over the recent 3 years on µg-induced changes in the proteome of protists, plants, rodent and human cells. Considering the thematic orientation of microgravity-related publications in that time frame, we focus on medicine-associated findings such as the µg-induced antibiotic resistance of bacteria, the myocardial consequences of µg-induced calpain activation and the role of MMP13 in osteoarthritis. All these point to the fact that µg is an extreme stressor that could not be evolutionarily addressed on Earth.

EXPERT COMMENTARY: : In conclusion, when interpreting µg-experiments, the direct, mostly unspecific stress response, must be distinguished from specific µg-effects. For this reason, recent studies often do not consider single protein findings but place them in the context of protein-protein interactions. This enables an estimation of functional relationships, especially if these are supported by epigenetic and transcriptional data (multi-omics).

Original languageEnglish
JournalExpert Review of Proteomics
Volume19
Issue1
Pages (from-to)43-59
Number of pages17
ISSN1478-9450
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2022

Keywords

  • Real microgravity
  • cancer
  • human cells
  • plants
  • proteome
  • rodents
  • simulated microgravity

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