Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

Lidong Wang; Michelle Møhlenberg; Pengfei Wang; Hao Zhou

doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.001

Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

Lidong Wang, Michelle Møhlenberg, Pengfei Wang, Hao Zhou^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Biomedicine - Forskning og uddannelse, Skou-bygningen

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Review › Research › peer-review

24 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Since its emergence at the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the infection of more than 600 million people worldwide and has significant damage to global medical, economic, and political structures. Currently, a highly mutated variant of concern, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, has evolved into many different subvariants mainly including BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4/5, and the recently emerging BA.2.75.2, BA.2.76, BA.4.6, BA.4.7, BA.5.9, BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB, XBB.1, etc. Mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein, such as A67V, G142D, and N212I, alter the antigenic structure of Omicron, while mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), such as R346K, Q493R, and N501Y, increase the affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Both types of mutations greatly increase the capacity of Omicron to evade immunity from neutralizing antibodies, produced by natural infection and/or vaccination. In this review, we systematically assess the immune evasion capacity of SARS-CoV-2, with an emphasis on the neutralizing antibodies generated by different vaccination regimes. Understanding the host antibody response and the evasion strategies employed by SARS-CoV-2 variants will improve our capacity to combat newly emerging Omicron variants.

Original language	English
Journal	Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
Volume	70
Pages (from-to)	13-25
Number of pages	13
ISSN	1359-6101
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.001
Publication status	Published - Apr 2023

Keywords

Bivalent mRNA vaccine
Booster
Immune evasion
Mutations
Omicron
SARS-CoV-2

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10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.001

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9985919/pdf/main.pdf

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title = "Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron",

abstract = "Since its emergence at the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the infection of more than 600 million people worldwide and has significant damage to global medical, economic, and political structures. Currently, a highly mutated variant of concern, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, has evolved into many different subvariants mainly including BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4/5, and the recently emerging BA.2.75.2, BA.2.76, BA.4.6, BA.4.7, BA.5.9, BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB, XBB.1, etc. Mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein, such as A67V, G142D, and N212I, alter the antigenic structure of Omicron, while mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), such as R346K, Q493R, and N501Y, increase the affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Both types of mutations greatly increase the capacity of Omicron to evade immunity from neutralizing antibodies, produced by natural infection and/or vaccination. In this review, we systematically assess the immune evasion capacity of SARS-CoV-2, with an emphasis on the neutralizing antibodies generated by different vaccination regimes. Understanding the host antibody response and the evasion strategies employed by SARS-CoV-2 variants will improve our capacity to combat newly emerging Omicron variants.",

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Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

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Keywords

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