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We propose a model for games in which the players have shared access to a blockchain that allows them to deploy smart contracts to act on their behalf. This changes fundamental game-theoretic assumptions about rationality since a contract can commit a player to act irrationally in specific subgames, making credible otherwise non-credible threats. This is further complicated by considering the interaction between multiple contracts which can reason about each other. This changes the nature of the game in a nontrivial way as choosing which contract to play can itself be considered a move in the game. Our model generalizes known notions of equilibria, with a single contract being equivalent to a Stackelberg equilibrium, and two contracts being equivalent to a reverse Stackelberg equilibrium. We prove a number of bounds on the complexity of computing SPE in such games with smart contracts. We show that computing an SPE is PSPACE -hard in the general case. Specifically, in games with k contracts, we show that computing an SPE is ΣkP -hard for games of imperfect information. We show that computing an SPE remains PSPACE -hard in games of perfect information if we allow for an unbounded number of contracts. We give an algorithm for computing an SPE in two-contract games of perfect information that runs in time O(mℓ) where m is the size of the game tree and ℓ is the number of terminal nodes. Finally, we conjecture the problem to be NP -complete for three contracts.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Algorithmic Game Theory - 14th International Symposium, SAGT 2021, Proceedings : 14th International Symposium, SAGT 2021, Aarhus, Denmark, September 21–24, 2021Proceedings |
Editors | Ioannis Caragiannis, Kristoffer Arnsfelt Hansen |
Number of pages | 15 |
Place of publication | Cham |
Publisher | Springer |
Publication year | 2021 |
Pages | 156-170 |
ISBN (print) | 978-3-030-85946-6 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 978-3-030-85947-3 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2021 |
Event | 14th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory - Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus, Denmark Duration: 21 Sept 2021 → 24 Sept 2021 Conference number: 14 https://events.au.dk/sagt2021/ |
Conference | 14th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory |
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Nummer | 14 |
Location | Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies |
Land | Denmark |
By | Aarhus |
Periode | 21/09/2021 → 24/09/2021 |
Internetadresse |
Series | Lecture Notes in Computer Science |
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Volume | 12885 |
ISSN | 0302-9743 |
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ID: 223699496