Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023

Maiken Cavling Arendrup; Rasmus Krøger Hare; Karin Meinike Jørgensen; Ulla E. Bollmann; Tina B. Bech; Cecilie Cetti Hansen; Thies M. Heick; Lise Nistrup Jørgensen

doi:10.3201/eid3008.240096

Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023

Maiken Cavling Arendrup^*, Rasmus Krøger Hare, Karin Meinike Jørgensen, Ulla E. Bollmann, Tina B. Bech, Cecilie Cetti Hansen, Thies M. Heick, Lise Nistrup Jørgensen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Agroecology - Crop Health

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Abstract

Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (ARAf) fungi have been found inconsistently in the environment in Denmark since 2010. During 2018–2020, nationwide surveillance of clinical A. fumigatus fungi reported environmental TR₃₄/L98H or TR₄₆/Y121F/T289A resistance mutations in 3.6% of isolates, prompting environmental sampling for ARAf and azole fungicides and investigation for selection of ARAf in field and microcosmos experiments. ARAf was ubiquitous (20% of 366 samples; 16% TR₃₄/ L98H- and 4% TR₄₆/Y121F/T289A-related mechanisms), constituting 4.2% of 4,538 A. fumigatus isolates. The highest proportions were in flower- and compost-related samples but were not correlated with azole-fungicide application concentrations. Genotyping showed clustering of tandem repeat–related ARAf and overlaps with clinical isolates in Denmark. A. fumigatus fungi grew poorly in the field experiment with no postapplication change in ARAf proportions. However, in microcosmos experiments, a sustained complete (tebuconazole) or partial (prothioconazole) inhibition against wild-type A. fumigatus but not ARAf indicated that, under some conditions, azole fungicides may favor growth of ARAf in soil.

Original language	English
Article number	0096
Journal	Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume	30
Issue	8
Pages (from-to)	1531-1541
Number of pages	11
ISSN	1080-6040
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3008.240096
Publication status	Published - Aug 2024

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Arendrup, M. C., Hare, R. K., Jørgensen, K. M., Bollmann, U. E., Bech, T. B., Hansen, C. C., Heick, T. M., & Jørgensen, L. N. (2024). Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 30(8), 1531-1541. Article 0096. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3008.240096

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title = "Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023",

abstract = "Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (ARAf) fungi have been found inconsistently in the environment in Denmark since 2010. During 2018–2020, nationwide surveillance of clinical A. fumigatus fungi reported environmental TR34/L98H or TR46/Y121F/T289A resistance mutations in 3.6% of isolates, prompting environmental sampling for ARAf and azole fungicides and investigation for selection of ARAf in field and microcosmos experiments. ARAf was ubiquitous (20% of 366 samples; 16% TR34/ L98H- and 4% TR46/Y121F/T289A-related mechanisms), constituting 4.2% of 4,538 A. fumigatus isolates. The highest proportions were in flower- and compost-related samples but were not correlated with azole-fungicide application concentrations. Genotyping showed clustering of tandem repeat–related ARAf and overlaps with clinical isolates in Denmark. A. fumigatus fungi grew poorly in the field experiment with no postapplication change in ARAf proportions. However, in microcosmos experiments, a sustained complete (tebuconazole) or partial (prothioconazole) inhibition against wild-type A. fumigatus but not ARAf indicated that, under some conditions, azole fungicides may favor growth of ARAf in soil.",

author = "Arendrup, {Maiken Cavling} and Hare, {Rasmus Kr{\o}ger} and J{\o}rgensen, {Karin Meinike} and Bollmann, {Ulla E.} and Bech, {Tina B.} and Hansen, {Cecilie Cetti} and Heick, {Thies M.} and J{\o}rgensen, {Lise Nistrup}",

year = "2024",

month = aug,

doi = "10.3201/eid3008.240096",

language = "English",

volume = "30",

pages = "1531--1541",

journal = "Emerging Infectious Diseases",

issn = "1080-6040",

publisher = "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)",

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Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023. / Arendrup, Maiken Cavling; Hare, Rasmus Krøger; Jørgensen, Karin Meinike et al.
In: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 30, No. 8, 0096, 08.2024, p. 1531-1541.

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023

AU - Arendrup, Maiken Cavling

AU - Hare, Rasmus Krøger

AU - Jørgensen, Karin Meinike

AU - Bollmann, Ulla E.

AU - Bech, Tina B.

AU - Hansen, Cecilie Cetti

AU - Heick, Thies M.

AU - Jørgensen, Lise Nistrup

PY - 2024/8

Y1 - 2024/8

N2 - Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (ARAf) fungi have been found inconsistently in the environment in Denmark since 2010. During 2018–2020, nationwide surveillance of clinical A. fumigatus fungi reported environmental TR34/L98H or TR46/Y121F/T289A resistance mutations in 3.6% of isolates, prompting environmental sampling for ARAf and azole fungicides and investigation for selection of ARAf in field and microcosmos experiments. ARAf was ubiquitous (20% of 366 samples; 16% TR34/ L98H- and 4% TR46/Y121F/T289A-related mechanisms), constituting 4.2% of 4,538 A. fumigatus isolates. The highest proportions were in flower- and compost-related samples but were not correlated with azole-fungicide application concentrations. Genotyping showed clustering of tandem repeat–related ARAf and overlaps with clinical isolates in Denmark. A. fumigatus fungi grew poorly in the field experiment with no postapplication change in ARAf proportions. However, in microcosmos experiments, a sustained complete (tebuconazole) or partial (prothioconazole) inhibition against wild-type A. fumigatus but not ARAf indicated that, under some conditions, azole fungicides may favor growth of ARAf in soil.

AB - Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (ARAf) fungi have been found inconsistently in the environment in Denmark since 2010. During 2018–2020, nationwide surveillance of clinical A. fumigatus fungi reported environmental TR34/L98H or TR46/Y121F/T289A resistance mutations in 3.6% of isolates, prompting environmental sampling for ARAf and azole fungicides and investigation for selection of ARAf in field and microcosmos experiments. ARAf was ubiquitous (20% of 366 samples; 16% TR34/ L98H- and 4% TR46/Y121F/T289A-related mechanisms), constituting 4.2% of 4,538 A. fumigatus isolates. The highest proportions were in flower- and compost-related samples but were not correlated with azole-fungicide application concentrations. Genotyping showed clustering of tandem repeat–related ARAf and overlaps with clinical isolates in Denmark. A. fumigatus fungi grew poorly in the field experiment with no postapplication change in ARAf proportions. However, in microcosmos experiments, a sustained complete (tebuconazole) or partial (prothioconazole) inhibition against wild-type A. fumigatus but not ARAf indicated that, under some conditions, azole fungicides may favor growth of ARAf in soil.

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DO - 10.3201/eid3008.240096

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SN - 1080-6040

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JF - Emerging Infectious Diseases

IS - 8

M1 - 0096

ER -

Environmental Hot Spots and Resistance-Associated Application Practices for Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Denmark, 2020–2023

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