Efficient and robust second-harmonic generation in thin-film lithium niobate using modal phase matching

Mikkel T Hansen; Emil Z Ulsig; Fabien Labbé; Magnus L Madsen; Yunhong Ding; Karsten Rottwitt; Nicolas Volet

doi:10.3389/fphot.2023.1324648

Efficient and robust second-harmonic generation in thin-film lithium niobate using modal phase matching

Mikkel T Hansen^*, Emil Z Ulsig, Fabien Labbé, Magnus L Madsen, Yunhong Ding, Karsten Rottwitt, Nicolas Volet

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Biomedical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A double-ridge waveguide is designed for efficient and robust second-harmonic generation (SHG) using the thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. Perfect phase matching (PhM) is achieved between the fundamental waveguide mode at 1,550 nm and a higher-order mode at the second harmonic. The fabrication tolerances of the PhM condition are simulated using a finite-difference method mode solver, and conversion efficiencies as high as 3.92 W⁻¹ are obtained for a 1-cm long waveguide. This design allows access to the largest element of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, and represents a scalable alternative to waveguides based on periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The design has the potential for generating pairs of entangled photons in the infrared C-band by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC).

Original language	English
Article number	1324648
Journal	Frontiers in Photonics
Volume	4
Number of pages	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fphot.2023.1324648
Publication status	Published - Dec 2023

Keywords

frequency conversion
higher-order modes
nonlinear waveguides
second-harmonic generation
single photons
thin-film LNOI

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title = "Efficient and robust second-harmonic generation in thin-film lithium niobate using modal phase matching",

abstract = "A double-ridge waveguide is designed for efficient and robust second-harmonic generation (SHG) using the thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. Perfect phase matching (PhM) is achieved between the fundamental waveguide mode at 1,550 nm and a higher-order mode at the second harmonic. The fabrication tolerances of the PhM condition are simulated using a finite-difference method mode solver, and conversion efficiencies as high as 3.92 W−1 are obtained for a 1-cm long waveguide. This design allows access to the largest element of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, and represents a scalable alternative to waveguides based on periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The design has the potential for generating pairs of entangled photons in the infrared C-band by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC).",

keywords = "frequency conversion, higher-order modes, nonlinear waveguides, second-harmonic generation, single photons, thin-film LNOI",

author = "Hansen, \{Mikkel T\} and Ulsig, \{Emil Z\} and Fabien Labb{\'e} and Madsen, \{Magnus L\} and Yunhong Ding and Karsten Rottwitt and Nicolas Volet",

year = "2023",

month = dec,

doi = "10.3389/fphot.2023.1324648",

language = "English",

volume = "4",

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AU - Hansen, Mikkel T

AU - Ulsig, Emil Z

AU - Labbé, Fabien

AU - Madsen, Magnus L

AU - Ding, Yunhong

AU - Rottwitt, Karsten

AU - Volet, Nicolas

PY - 2023/12

Y1 - 2023/12

N2 - A double-ridge waveguide is designed for efficient and robust second-harmonic generation (SHG) using the thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. Perfect phase matching (PhM) is achieved between the fundamental waveguide mode at 1,550 nm and a higher-order mode at the second harmonic. The fabrication tolerances of the PhM condition are simulated using a finite-difference method mode solver, and conversion efficiencies as high as 3.92 W−1 are obtained for a 1-cm long waveguide. This design allows access to the largest element of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, and represents a scalable alternative to waveguides based on periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The design has the potential for generating pairs of entangled photons in the infrared C-band by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC).

AB - A double-ridge waveguide is designed for efficient and robust second-harmonic generation (SHG) using the thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. Perfect phase matching (PhM) is achieved between the fundamental waveguide mode at 1,550 nm and a higher-order mode at the second harmonic. The fabrication tolerances of the PhM condition are simulated using a finite-difference method mode solver, and conversion efficiencies as high as 3.92 W−1 are obtained for a 1-cm long waveguide. This design allows access to the largest element of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, and represents a scalable alternative to waveguides based on periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The design has the potential for generating pairs of entangled photons in the infrared C-band by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC).

KW - frequency conversion

KW - higher-order modes

KW - nonlinear waveguides

KW - second-harmonic generation

KW - single photons

KW - thin-film LNOI

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DO - 10.3389/fphot.2023.1324648

M3 - Journal article

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JO - Frontiers in Photonics

JF - Frontiers in Photonics

M1 - 1324648

ER -

Efficient and robust second-harmonic generation in thin-film lithium niobate using modal phase matching

Abstract

Keywords

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