Effect of Covering Deep Litter Stockpiles on Methane and Ammonia Emissions Analyzed by an Inverse Dispersion Method

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of Covering Deep Litter Stockpiles on Methane and Ammonia Emissions Analyzed by an Inverse Dispersion Method

AU - Lemes, Yolanda M.

AU - Nyord, Tavs

AU - Feilberg, Anders

AU - Kamp, Jesper Nørlem

PY - 2023/5

Y1 - 2023/5

N2 - Ammonia (NH 3) and methane (CH 4) emission rates from cattle deep litter and horse manure deep litter in farm-scale stockpiles were measured using an inverse dispersion method based on the backward Lagrangian Stochastic (bLS) model. The aims of the study were to (i) evaluate the effects of timing and carefulness of covering a stockpile, (ii) measure emissions from handling and storing deep litter, (iii) compare emissions from manure stored in a container and stockpile, (iv) determine emissions from cattle and horse manure deep litter, and (v) evaluate potential effects of pile temperature on emissions. New emission data with relatively high temporal resolution are provided. High variability in CH 4 emissions was observed with no clear effects on the timing of covering, even though the temperatures inside the piles were different. NH 3 emissions occur immediately after pile establishment and the emissions were highly influenced by the timing of covering. In the first week of storage, covering reduced NH 3 emissions by 92 ± 9% when comparing the emissions from a noncovered and totally covered stockpile. This demonstrates the effect of applying a cover immediately to avoid NH 3 emissions. The long-term effects of covering strategies as well as the influence of temperature and season are also discussed. For horse manure deep litter, storage in a closed (covered) container instead of a covered stockpile was observed to reduce CH 4 emissions by 50 ± 58% and NH 3 emissions by 67 ± 37%.

AB - Ammonia (NH 3) and methane (CH 4) emission rates from cattle deep litter and horse manure deep litter in farm-scale stockpiles were measured using an inverse dispersion method based on the backward Lagrangian Stochastic (bLS) model. The aims of the study were to (i) evaluate the effects of timing and carefulness of covering a stockpile, (ii) measure emissions from handling and storing deep litter, (iii) compare emissions from manure stored in a container and stockpile, (iv) determine emissions from cattle and horse manure deep litter, and (v) evaluate potential effects of pile temperature on emissions. New emission data with relatively high temporal resolution are provided. High variability in CH 4 emissions was observed with no clear effects on the timing of covering, even though the temperatures inside the piles were different. NH 3 emissions occur immediately after pile establishment and the emissions were highly influenced by the timing of covering. In the first week of storage, covering reduced NH 3 emissions by 92 ± 9% when comparing the emissions from a noncovered and totally covered stockpile. This demonstrates the effect of applying a cover immediately to avoid NH 3 emissions. The long-term effects of covering strategies as well as the influence of temperature and season are also discussed. For horse manure deep litter, storage in a closed (covered) container instead of a covered stockpile was observed to reduce CH 4 emissions by 50 ± 58% and NH 3 emissions by 67 ± 37%.

KW - ammonia

KW - cattle deep litter

KW - deep litter heaps

KW - deep litter storage

KW - dung

KW - emissions

KW - horse manure deep litter

KW - inverse dispersion method

KW - methane

KW - solid manure

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159659350&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acsagscitech.2c00289

DO - 10.1021/acsagscitech.2c00289

M3 - Journal article

SN - 2692-1952

VL - 3

SP - 399

EP - 412

JO - ACS Agricultural Science and Technology

JF - ACS Agricultural Science and Technology

IS - 5

ER -