Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review
Early adversity and risk for moderate to severe unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence and adulthood : A register-based study of 978,647 individuals. / Dahl, Signe Kirk; Larsen, Janne Tidselbak; Petersen, Liselotte et al.
In: Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 214, 07.03.2017, p. 122-129.Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Early adversity and risk for moderate to severe unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence and adulthood
T2 - A register-based study of 978,647 individuals
AU - Dahl, Signe Kirk
AU - Larsen, Janne Tidselbak
AU - Petersen, Liselotte
AU - Ubbesen, Mads Bonde
AU - Mortensen, Preben Bo
AU - Munk-Olsen, Trine
AU - Musliner, Katherine Louise
N1 - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/3/7
Y1 - 2017/3/7
N2 - BACKGROUND: Early adversity is a known risk factor for unipolar depression. We examined the impact of 9 types of early adversity on risk for moderate to severe unipolar depression in adolescence or adulthood, and evaluated whether these effects were moderated by gender and adversity timing.METHODS: We conducted a prospective, population-based cohort study using Danish national registers. The sample included all individuals born in Denmark between 1980 and 1998 (N=978,647). Exposure to early adversity was assessed from ages 0-15. Types of adversity included parental illness, incarceration, death, disability, and psychiatric diagnosis; family disruption; out-of-home care; and childhood abuse. Individuals were followed from age 15 until first in- or outpatient depression diagnosis (ICD-10 codes F32, F33) in a psychiatric hospital, death, emigration, or December 31st, 2013, whichever came first. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox regressions.RESULTS: All adversities were significantly associated with increased risk for moderate to severe adolescent/adult depression (HR range: 1.30-2.72), although the effects were attenuated after mutual adjustment (adjusted HR range: 1.06-1.70). None of the effects were moderated by gender. The effect of family disruption was strongest between ages 0-4 (HR=1.66, 95% CI=1.61-1.71), while the effect of out-of-home care was strongest between ages 10-14 (HR=2.45, 95% CI=2.28-2.64).LIMITATIONS: Untreated and primary-care treated depression were not measured.CONCLUSIONS: Our results support past findings that multiple types of early adversity increase risk for moderate to severe unipolar depression in adolescence and adulthood. Certain adversities may be more harmful if they occur during specific developmental time periods.
AB - BACKGROUND: Early adversity is a known risk factor for unipolar depression. We examined the impact of 9 types of early adversity on risk for moderate to severe unipolar depression in adolescence or adulthood, and evaluated whether these effects were moderated by gender and adversity timing.METHODS: We conducted a prospective, population-based cohort study using Danish national registers. The sample included all individuals born in Denmark between 1980 and 1998 (N=978,647). Exposure to early adversity was assessed from ages 0-15. Types of adversity included parental illness, incarceration, death, disability, and psychiatric diagnosis; family disruption; out-of-home care; and childhood abuse. Individuals were followed from age 15 until first in- or outpatient depression diagnosis (ICD-10 codes F32, F33) in a psychiatric hospital, death, emigration, or December 31st, 2013, whichever came first. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox regressions.RESULTS: All adversities were significantly associated with increased risk for moderate to severe adolescent/adult depression (HR range: 1.30-2.72), although the effects were attenuated after mutual adjustment (adjusted HR range: 1.06-1.70). None of the effects were moderated by gender. The effect of family disruption was strongest between ages 0-4 (HR=1.66, 95% CI=1.61-1.71), while the effect of out-of-home care was strongest between ages 10-14 (HR=2.45, 95% CI=2.28-2.64).LIMITATIONS: Untreated and primary-care treated depression were not measured.CONCLUSIONS: Our results support past findings that multiple types of early adversity increase risk for moderate to severe unipolar depression in adolescence and adulthood. Certain adversities may be more harmful if they occur during specific developmental time periods.
KW - Journal Article
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.014
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.014
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28288406
VL - 214
SP - 122
EP - 129
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
SN - 0165-0327
ER -