Clinical Significance, Species Distribution, and Temporal Trends of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Denmark, 1991–2022

Victor Naestholt Dahl; Andreas Arnholdt Pedersen; Anders Norman; E. Michael Rasmussen; Jakko van Ingen; Aase Bengaard Andersen; Christian Morberg Wejse; Troels Lillebaek

doi:10.3201/eid3009.240095

Clinical Significance, Species Distribution, and Temporal Trends of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Denmark, 1991–2022

Victor Naestholt Dahl^*, Andreas Arnholdt Pedersen, Anders Norman, E. Michael Rasmussen, Jakko van Ingen, Aase Bengaard Andersen, Christian Morberg Wejse, Troels Lillebaek

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging as notable causative agents of opportunistic infections. To examine clinical significance, species distribution, and temporal trends of NTM in Denmark, we performed a nationwide register-based study of all unique persons with NTM isolated in the country during 1991–2022. We categorized patients as having definite disease, possible disease, or isolation by using a previously validated method. The incidence of pulmonary NTM increased throughout the study period, in contrast to earlier findings. Mycobacterium malmoense, M. kansasii, M. szulgai, and M. avium complex were the most clinically significant species based on microbiologic findings; M. avium dominated in incidence. This study shows the need for surveillance for an emerging infection that is not notifiable in most countries, provides evidence to support clinical decision-making, and highlights the importance of not considering NTM as a single entity.

Original language	English
Journal	Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume	30
Issue	9
Pages (from-to)	1755-1762
Number of pages	8
ISSN	1080-6040
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3009.240095
Publication status	Published - Sept 2024

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title = "Clinical Significance, Species Distribution, and Temporal Trends of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Denmark, 1991–2022",

abstract = "Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging as notable causative agents of opportunistic infections. To examine clinical significance, species distribution, and temporal trends of NTM in Denmark, we performed a nationwide register-based study of all unique persons with NTM isolated in the country during 1991–2022. We categorized patients as having definite disease, possible disease, or isolation by using a previously validated method. The incidence of pulmonary NTM increased throughout the study period, in contrast to earlier findings. Mycobacterium malmoense, M. kansasii, M. szulgai, and M. avium complex were the most clinically significant species based on microbiologic findings; M. avium dominated in incidence. This study shows the need for surveillance for an emerging infection that is not notifiable in most countries, provides evidence to support clinical decision-making, and highlights the importance of not considering NTM as a single entity.",

author = "Dahl, {Victor Naestholt} and Pedersen, {Andreas Arnholdt} and Anders Norman and Rasmussen, {E. Michael} and {van Ingen}, Jakko and Andersen, {Aase Bengaard} and Wejse, {Christian Morberg} and Troels Lillebaek",

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doi = "10.3201/eid3009.240095",

language = "English",

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pages = "1755--1762",

journal = "Emerging Infectious Diseases",

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Clinical Significance, Species Distribution, and Temporal Trends of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Denmark, 1991–2022. / Dahl, Victor Naestholt; Pedersen, Andreas Arnholdt; Norman, Anders et al.
In: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 30, No. 9, 09.2024, p. 1755-1762.

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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AU - Dahl, Victor Naestholt

AU - Pedersen, Andreas Arnholdt

AU - Norman, Anders

AU - Rasmussen, E. Michael

AU - van Ingen, Jakko

AU - Andersen, Aase Bengaard

AU - Wejse, Christian Morberg

AU - Lillebaek, Troels

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AB - Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are emerging as notable causative agents of opportunistic infections. To examine clinical significance, species distribution, and temporal trends of NTM in Denmark, we performed a nationwide register-based study of all unique persons with NTM isolated in the country during 1991–2022. We categorized patients as having definite disease, possible disease, or isolation by using a previously validated method. The incidence of pulmonary NTM increased throughout the study period, in contrast to earlier findings. Mycobacterium malmoense, M. kansasii, M. szulgai, and M. avium complex were the most clinically significant species based on microbiologic findings; M. avium dominated in incidence. This study shows the need for surveillance for an emerging infection that is not notifiable in most countries, provides evidence to support clinical decision-making, and highlights the importance of not considering NTM as a single entity.

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Clinical Significance, Species Distribution, and Temporal Trends of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Denmark, 1991–2022

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