Chiral polaron formation on the edge of topological quantum matter

Amit Vashisht; Ivan Amelio; Laurens Vanderstraeten; Georg Bruun; Oriana Diessel; Nathan Goldman

doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60166-w

Chiral polaron formation on the edge of topological quantum matter

Amit Vashisht, Ivan Amelio, Laurens Vanderstraeten, Georg Bruun, Oriana Diessel, Nathan Goldman

Department of Physics and Astronomy - Center for Complex Quantum Systems

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Abstract

Immersing a mobile impurity in a quantum many-body environment can reveal fundamental properties of the background medium, hence providing a powerful probe of quantum matter. This approach is particularly intriguing when considering media with exotic properties, such as strongly-correlated phases and topological states of matter. In this work, we study the dressing of a mobile impurity interacting with a chiral mode, at the edge of topological quantum matter. The resulting “chiral polaron” is characterized by an asymmetric spectral function, which reflects the chirality and group velocity of the topological edge mode. We first build our theoretical understanding from an effective one-dimensional chiral model, which captures the hallmark signatures of chiral polaron. We then demonstrate how this simple picture extends to realistic models of integer and fractional Chern insulator states, by adapting tensor-network methods to polaron spectroscopy. Injecting mobile impurities on the edge of topological quantum matter is shown to be a powerful tool to probe exotic edge properties, particularly suitable for cold-atom experiments.

Original language	English
Article number	4918
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	16
Issue	1
Pages (from-to)	1
Number of pages	18
ISSN	2041-1723
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60166-w
Publication status	Published - Dec 2025

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title = "Chiral polaron formation on the edge of topological quantum matter",

abstract = "Immersing a mobile impurity in a quantum many-body environment can reveal fundamental properties of the background medium, hence providing a powerful probe of quantum matter. This approach is particularly intriguing when considering media with exotic properties, such as strongly-correlated phases and topological states of matter. In this work, we study the dressing of a mobile impurity interacting with a chiral mode, at the edge of topological quantum matter. The resulting “chiral polaron” is characterized by an asymmetric spectral function, which reflects the chirality and group velocity of the topological edge mode. We first build our theoretical understanding from an effective one-dimensional chiral model, which captures the hallmark signatures of chiral polaron. We then demonstrate how this simple picture extends to realistic models of integer and fractional Chern insulator states, by adapting tensor-network methods to polaron spectroscopy. Injecting mobile impurities on the edge of topological quantum matter is shown to be a powerful tool to probe exotic edge properties, particularly suitable for cold-atom experiments.",

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AU - Vashisht, Amit

AU - Amelio, Ivan

AU - Vanderstraeten, Laurens

AU - Bruun, Georg

AU - Diessel, Oriana

AU - Goldman, Nathan

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Immersing a mobile impurity in a quantum many-body environment can reveal fundamental properties of the background medium, hence providing a powerful probe of quantum matter. This approach is particularly intriguing when considering media with exotic properties, such as strongly-correlated phases and topological states of matter. In this work, we study the dressing of a mobile impurity interacting with a chiral mode, at the edge of topological quantum matter. The resulting “chiral polaron” is characterized by an asymmetric spectral function, which reflects the chirality and group velocity of the topological edge mode. We first build our theoretical understanding from an effective one-dimensional chiral model, which captures the hallmark signatures of chiral polaron. We then demonstrate how this simple picture extends to realistic models of integer and fractional Chern insulator states, by adapting tensor-network methods to polaron spectroscopy. Injecting mobile impurities on the edge of topological quantum matter is shown to be a powerful tool to probe exotic edge properties, particularly suitable for cold-atom experiments.

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Chiral polaron formation on the edge of topological quantum matter

Abstract

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