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Breakdown of supersaturation barrier links protein folding to amyloid formation

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  • Masahiro Noji, Osaka University
  • ,
  • Tatsushi Samejima, Osaka University
  • ,
  • Keiichi Yamaguchi, Osaka University
  • ,
  • Masatomo So, Osaka University
  • ,
  • Keisuke Yuzu, Kobe University
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  • Eri Chatani, Kobe University
  • ,
  • Yoko Akazawa-Ogawa, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • ,
  • Yoshihisa Hagihara, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • ,
  • Yasushi Kawata, Tottori University
  • ,
  • Kensuke Ikenaka, Osaka University
  • ,
  • Hideki Mochizuki, Osaka University
  • ,
  • József Kardos, Eotvos Lorand University
  • ,
  • Daniel E Otzen
  • Vittorio Bellotti, University College London, University of Pavia
  • ,
  • Johannes Buchner, Technical University of Munich
  • ,
  • Yuji Goto, Osaka University

The thermodynamic hypothesis of protein folding, known as the "Anfinsen's dogma" states that the native structure of a protein represents a free energy minimum determined by the amino acid sequence. However, inconsistent with the Anfinsen's dogma, globular proteins can misfold to form amyloid fibrils, which are ordered aggregates associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Here, we present a general concept for the link between folding and misfolding. We tested the accessibility of the amyloid state for various proteins upon heating and agitation. Many of them showed Anfinsen-like reversible unfolding upon heating, but formed amyloid fibrils upon agitation at high temperatures. We show that folding and amyloid formation are separated by the supersaturation barrier of a protein. Its breakdown is required to shift the protein to the amyloid pathway. Thus, the breakdown of supersaturation links the Anfinsen's intramolecular folding universe and the intermolecular misfolding universe.

Original languageEnglish
Article number120
JournalCommunications Biology
Volume4
Issue1
Number of pages10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2021

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