Biorefinery of Green Biomass─How to Extract and Evaluate High Quality Leaf Protein for Food?

TY - JOUR

T1 - Biorefinery of Green Biomass─How to Extract and Evaluate High Quality Leaf Protein for Food?

AU - Møller, Anders Hauer

AU - Hammershøj, Marianne

AU - Hachow Motta dos Passos, Natália

AU - Tanambell, Hart

AU - Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Lene

AU - Ambye-Jensen, Morten

AU - Danielsen, Marianne

AU - Jensen, Søren Krogh

A2 - Dalsgaard, Trine Kastrup

PY - 2021/12/8

Y1 - 2021/12/8

N2 - There is a growing need for protein for both feed and food in order to meet future demands. It is imperative to explore and utilize novel protein sources such as protein from leafy plant material, which contains high amounts of the enzyme ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo). Leafy crops such as grasses and legumes can in humid climate produce high protein yields in a sustainable way when compared with many traditional seed protein crops. Despite this, very little RuBisCo is utilized for foods because proteins in the leaf material has a low accessibility to monogastrics. In order to utilize the leaf protein for food purposes, the protein needs to be extracted from the fiber rich leaf matrix. This conversion of green biomass to valuable products has been labeled green biorefinery. The green biorefinery may be tailored to produce different products, but in this Review, the focus is on production of food-grade protein. The existing knowledge on the extraction, purification, and concentration of protein from green biomass is reviewed. Additionally, the quality and potential application of the leaf protein in food products and side streams from the green biorefinery will be discussed along with possible uses of side streams from the protein production.

AB - There is a growing need for protein for both feed and food in order to meet future demands. It is imperative to explore and utilize novel protein sources such as protein from leafy plant material, which contains high amounts of the enzyme ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo). Leafy crops such as grasses and legumes can in humid climate produce high protein yields in a sustainable way when compared with many traditional seed protein crops. Despite this, very little RuBisCo is utilized for foods because proteins in the leaf material has a low accessibility to monogastrics. In order to utilize the leaf protein for food purposes, the protein needs to be extracted from the fiber rich leaf matrix. This conversion of green biomass to valuable products has been labeled green biorefinery. The green biorefinery may be tailored to produce different products, but in this Review, the focus is on production of food-grade protein. The existing knowledge on the extraction, purification, and concentration of protein from green biomass is reviewed. Additionally, the quality and potential application of the leaf protein in food products and side streams from the green biorefinery will be discussed along with possible uses of side streams from the protein production.

KW - food protein quality

KW - functional properties

KW - leaf protein

KW - nutritional value

KW - processing

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120732482&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04289

DO - 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04289

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34845908

SN - 0021-8561

VL - 69

SP - 14341

EP - 14357

JO - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

IS - 48

ER -