Archaea oxidizing alkanes through alkyl-coenzyme M reductases

TY - JOUR

T1 - Archaea oxidizing alkanes through alkyl-coenzyme M reductases

AU - Musat, Florin

AU - Kjeldsen, Kasper U.

AU - Rotaru, Amelia E.

AU - Chen, Song Can

AU - Musat, Niculina

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)

PY - 2024/6

Y1 - 2024/6

N2 - This review synthesizes recent discoveries of novel archaea clades capable of oxidizing higher alkanes, from volatile ones like ethane to longer-chain alkanes like hexadecane. These archaea, termed anaerobic multicarbon alkane-oxidizing archaea (ANKA), initiate alkane oxidation using alkyl-coenzyme M reductases, enzymes similar to the methyl-coenzyme M reductases of methanogenic and anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME). The polyphyletic alkane-oxidizing archaea group (ALOX), encompassing ANME and ANKA, harbors increasingly complex alkane degradation pathways, correlated with the alkane chain length. We discuss the evolutionary trajectory of these pathways emphasizing metabolic innovations and the acquisition of metabolic modules via lateral gene transfer. Additionally, we explore the mechanisms by which archaea couple alkane oxidation with the reduction of electron acceptors, including electron transfer to partner sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The phylogenetic and functional constraints that shape ALOX–SRB associations are also discussed. We conclude by highlighting the research needs in this emerging research field and its potential applications in biotechnology.

AB - This review synthesizes recent discoveries of novel archaea clades capable of oxidizing higher alkanes, from volatile ones like ethane to longer-chain alkanes like hexadecane. These archaea, termed anaerobic multicarbon alkane-oxidizing archaea (ANKA), initiate alkane oxidation using alkyl-coenzyme M reductases, enzymes similar to the methyl-coenzyme M reductases of methanogenic and anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME). The polyphyletic alkane-oxidizing archaea group (ALOX), encompassing ANME and ANKA, harbors increasingly complex alkane degradation pathways, correlated with the alkane chain length. We discuss the evolutionary trajectory of these pathways emphasizing metabolic innovations and the acquisition of metabolic modules via lateral gene transfer. Additionally, we explore the mechanisms by which archaea couple alkane oxidation with the reduction of electron acceptors, including electron transfer to partner sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The phylogenetic and functional constraints that shape ALOX–SRB associations are also discussed. We conclude by highlighting the research needs in this emerging research field and its potential applications in biotechnology.

KW - Alkanes/metabolism

KW - Archaea/enzymology

KW - Archaeal Proteins/metabolism

KW - Bacteria/enzymology

KW - Electron Transport

KW - Gene Transfer, Horizontal

KW - Oxidation-Reduction

KW - Oxidoreductases/metabolism

KW - Phylogeny

U2 - 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102486

DO - 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102486

M3 - Review

C2 - 38733792

AN - SCOPUS:85192475076

SN - 1369-5274

VL - 79

JO - Current Opinion in Microbiology

JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology

M1 - 102486

ER -