Analysis of Migrant Cyclic PET Oligomers in Olive Oil and Food Simulants Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS

Dimitra Diamantidou; Emmanouil Tsochatzis; Stavros Kalogiannis; Joao Alberto Lopes; Georgios Theodoridis; Helen Gika

doi:10.3390/foods12142739

Analysis of Migrant Cyclic PET Oligomers in Olive Oil and Food Simulants Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS

Dimitra Diamantidou, Emmanouil Tsochatzis, Stavros Kalogiannis^*, Joao Alberto Lopes, Georgios Theodoridis, Helen Gika^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Food Science - Food Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal/Conference contribution in journal/Contribution to newspaper › Journal article › Research › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Oligomers are a particular category of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) that may be present in food contact materials (FCMs), such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and consequently migrate into foods. Here, an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) method was developed for the analysis of 1st series cyclic PET oligomers in virgin olive oil (VOO) following a QuEChERS clean-up protocol. Oligomer migration was evaluated with two different migration experiments using bottles from virgin and recycled PET: one with VOO samples stored in household conditions for a year and one using the food simulant D2 (95% v/v ethanol in water) at 60 °C for 10 days. Calibration curves were constructed with fortified VOO samples, with the LOQs ranging from 10 to 50 µg L⁻¹ and the recoveries ranging from 86.6 to 113.0%. Results showed no migration of PET oligomers in VOO. However, in the simulated study, significant amounts of all oligomers were detected, with the migration of cyclic PET trimers from recycled bottles being the most abundant. Additional substances were tentatively identified as linear derivatives of PET oligomers. Again, open trimer structures in recycled bottles gave the most significant signals.

Original language	English
Article number	2739
Journal	Foods
Volume	12
Issue	14
ISSN	2304-8158
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12142739
Publication status	Published - Jul 2023

Keywords

cyclic polyester oligomers
food contact materials (FCM)
migration testing
quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (qTOF-MS)
QuEChERS clean-up
ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)

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10.3390/foods12142739

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@article{1fe34bd60eb943539942dbfd1786c13c,

title = "Analysis of Migrant Cyclic PET Oligomers in Olive Oil and Food Simulants Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS",

abstract = "Oligomers are a particular category of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) that may be present in food contact materials (FCMs), such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and consequently migrate into foods. Here, an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) method was developed for the analysis of 1st series cyclic PET oligomers in virgin olive oil (VOO) following a QuEChERS clean-up protocol. Oligomer migration was evaluated with two different migration experiments using bottles from virgin and recycled PET: one with VOO samples stored in household conditions for a year and one using the food simulant D2 (95% v/v ethanol in water) at 60 °C for 10 days. Calibration curves were constructed with fortified VOO samples, with the LOQs ranging from 10 to 50 µg L−1 and the recoveries ranging from 86.6 to 113.0%. Results showed no migration of PET oligomers in VOO. However, in the simulated study, significant amounts of all oligomers were detected, with the migration of cyclic PET trimers from recycled bottles being the most abundant. Additional substances were tentatively identified as linear derivatives of PET oligomers. Again, open trimer structures in recycled bottles gave the most significant signals.",

keywords = "cyclic polyester oligomers, food contact materials (FCM), migration testing, quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (qTOF-MS), QuEChERS clean-up, ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)",

author = "Dimitra Diamantidou and Emmanouil Tsochatzis and Stavros Kalogiannis and {Alberto Lopes}, Joao and Georgios Theodoridis and Helen Gika",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 by the authors.",

year = "2023",

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doi = "10.3390/foods12142739",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Foods",

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T1 - Analysis of Migrant Cyclic PET Oligomers in Olive Oil and Food Simulants Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS

AU - Diamantidou, Dimitra

AU - Tsochatzis, Emmanouil

AU - Kalogiannis, Stavros

AU - Alberto Lopes, Joao

AU - Theodoridis, Georgios

AU - Gika, Helen

PY - 2023/7

Y1 - 2023/7

N2 - Oligomers are a particular category of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) that may be present in food contact materials (FCMs), such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and consequently migrate into foods. Here, an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) method was developed for the analysis of 1st series cyclic PET oligomers in virgin olive oil (VOO) following a QuEChERS clean-up protocol. Oligomer migration was evaluated with two different migration experiments using bottles from virgin and recycled PET: one with VOO samples stored in household conditions for a year and one using the food simulant D2 (95% v/v ethanol in water) at 60 °C for 10 days. Calibration curves were constructed with fortified VOO samples, with the LOQs ranging from 10 to 50 µg L−1 and the recoveries ranging from 86.6 to 113.0%. Results showed no migration of PET oligomers in VOO. However, in the simulated study, significant amounts of all oligomers were detected, with the migration of cyclic PET trimers from recycled bottles being the most abundant. Additional substances were tentatively identified as linear derivatives of PET oligomers. Again, open trimer structures in recycled bottles gave the most significant signals.

AB - Oligomers are a particular category of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) that may be present in food contact materials (FCMs), such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and consequently migrate into foods. Here, an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) method was developed for the analysis of 1st series cyclic PET oligomers in virgin olive oil (VOO) following a QuEChERS clean-up protocol. Oligomer migration was evaluated with two different migration experiments using bottles from virgin and recycled PET: one with VOO samples stored in household conditions for a year and one using the food simulant D2 (95% v/v ethanol in water) at 60 °C for 10 days. Calibration curves were constructed with fortified VOO samples, with the LOQs ranging from 10 to 50 µg L−1 and the recoveries ranging from 86.6 to 113.0%. Results showed no migration of PET oligomers in VOO. However, in the simulated study, significant amounts of all oligomers were detected, with the migration of cyclic PET trimers from recycled bottles being the most abundant. Additional substances were tentatively identified as linear derivatives of PET oligomers. Again, open trimer structures in recycled bottles gave the most significant signals.

KW - cyclic polyester oligomers

KW - food contact materials (FCM)

KW - migration testing

KW - quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (qTOF-MS)

KW - QuEChERS clean-up

KW - ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)

U2 - 10.3390/foods12142739

DO - 10.3390/foods12142739

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37509830

AN - SCOPUS:85166278508

SN - 2304-8158

VL - 12

JO - Foods

JF - Foods

IS - 14

M1 - 2739

ER -

Analysis of Migrant Cyclic PET Oligomers in Olive Oil and Food Simulants Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS

Abstract

Keywords

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