Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

Anna Krogh Andreassen; Rikke Lambek; Nicoline Hemager; Christina Bruun Knudsen; Lotte Veddum; Anders Helles Carlsen; Anette Faurskov Bundgaard; Anne Søndergaard; Julie Marie Brandt; Maja Gregersen; Mette Falkenberg Krantz; Birgitte Klee Burton; Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen; Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup; Merete Nordentoft; Ole Mors; Vibeke Fuglsang Bliksted; Aja Greve

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011

Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

Anna Krogh Andreassen^*, Rikke Lambek, Nicoline Hemager, Christina Bruun Knudsen, Lotte Veddum, Anders Helles Carlsen, Anette Faurskov Bundgaard, Anne Søndergaard, Julie Marie Brandt, Maja Gregersen, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Birgitte Klee Burton, Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup, Merete Nordentoft, Ole Mors, Vibeke Fuglsang Bliksted, Aja Greve

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

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Abstract

Background: Despite the genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, working memory impairments are mainly found in children of parents with schizophrenia. However, working memory impairments are characterized by substantial heterogeneity, and it is unknown how this heterogeneity develops over time. We used a data-driven approach to assess working memory heterogeneity and longitudinal stability in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP). Methods: Based on the performances on four working memory tasks by 319 children (FHR-SZ, N = 202, FHR-BP, N = 118) measured at age 7 and 11, latent profile transition analysis was used to test for the presence of subgroups, and the stability of subgroup membership over time. Population-based controls (VIA 7, N = 200, VIA 11, N = 173) were included as a reference group. The working memory subgroups were compared based on caregiver- and teacher ratings of everyday working memory function, and dimensional psychopathology. Results: A model with three subgroups characterized by different levels of working memory function (an impaired subgroup, a mixed subgroup, and an above average subgroup) best fitted the data. The impaired subgroup had the highest ratings of everyday working memory impairments and psychopathology. Overall, 98 % (N = 314) stayed in the same subgroup from age 7 to 11. Conclusion: Persistent working memory impairments are present in a subset of children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP throughout middle childhood. Attention should be given to these children, as working memory impairments influence daily life, and may serve as a vulnerability marker of transition to severe mental illness.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Journal of Affective Disorders
Vol/bind	332
Sider (fra-til)	318-326
Antal sider	9
ISSN	0165-0327
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011
Status	Udgivet - jul. 2023

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10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011Licens: CC BY

1-s2.0-S016503272300469X-mainForlagets udgivne version, 941 KBLicens: CC BY

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Andreassen, A. K., Lambek, R., Hemager, N., Knudsen, C. B., Veddum, L., Carlsen, A. H., Bundgaard, A. F., Søndergaard, A., Brandt, J. M., Gregersen, M., Krantz, M. F., Burton, B. K., Jepsen, J. R. M., Thorup, A. A. E., Nordentoft, M., Mors, O., Bliksted, V. F., & Greve, A. (2023). Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 332, 318-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011

@article{bb9abbea1002482f8a4aa5a311274551,

title = "Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study",

abstract = "Background: Despite the genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, working memory impairments are mainly found in children of parents with schizophrenia. However, working memory impairments are characterized by substantial heterogeneity, and it is unknown how this heterogeneity develops over time. We used a data-driven approach to assess working memory heterogeneity and longitudinal stability in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP). Methods: Based on the performances on four working memory tasks by 319 children (FHR-SZ, N = 202, FHR-BP, N = 118) measured at age 7 and 11, latent profile transition analysis was used to test for the presence of subgroups, and the stability of subgroup membership over time. Population-based controls (VIA 7, N = 200, VIA 11, N = 173) were included as a reference group. The working memory subgroups were compared based on caregiver- and teacher ratings of everyday working memory function, and dimensional psychopathology. Results: A model with three subgroups characterized by different levels of working memory function (an impaired subgroup, a mixed subgroup, and an above average subgroup) best fitted the data. The impaired subgroup had the highest ratings of everyday working memory impairments and psychopathology. Overall, 98 % (N = 314) stayed in the same subgroup from age 7 to 11. Conclusion: Persistent working memory impairments are present in a subset of children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP throughout middle childhood. Attention should be given to these children, as working memory impairments influence daily life, and may serve as a vulnerability marker of transition to severe mental illness.",

keywords = "Bipolar disorder, Familial high risk, Heterogeneity, Schizophrenia, Working memory, Humans, Attention, Neuropsychological Tests, Denmark/epidemiology, Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology, Memory, Short-Term, Child, Schizophrenia/genetics",

author = "Andreassen, {Anna Krogh} and Rikke Lambek and Nicoline Hemager and Knudsen, {Christina Bruun} and Lotte Veddum and Carlsen, {Anders Helles} and Bundgaard, {Anette Faurskov} and Anne S{\o}ndergaard and Brandt, {Julie Marie} and Maja Gregersen and Krantz, {Mette Falkenberg} and Burton, {Birgitte Klee} and Jepsen, {Jens Richardt M{\o}llegaard} and Thorup, {Anne Amalie Elgaard} and Merete Nordentoft and Ole Mors and Bliksted, {Vibeke Fuglsang} and Aja Greve",

note = "Funding Information: The study was supported by the Lundbeck Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH, grant number: R155-2014-1724 ), the Tryg Foundation , the Innovation Fund Denmark (grant number: 6152-00002B ), the Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark , Aarhus University , the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant number: 9039-00220B ), and the Beatrice Surovell Haskell Fund for Child Mental Health Research of Copenhagen (grant number: 11531 ). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors",

year = "2023",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011",

language = "English",

volume = "332",

pages = "318--326",

journal = "Journal of Affective Disorders",

issn = "0165-0327",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

}

Andreassen, AK , Lambek, R, Hemager, N, Knudsen, CB , Veddum, L , Carlsen, AH , Bundgaard, AF, Søndergaard, A, Brandt, JM, Gregersen, M, Krantz, MF, Burton, BK, Jepsen, JRM, Thorup, AAE, Nordentoft, M, Mors, O, Bliksted, VF & Greve, A 2023, 'Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study', Journal of Affective Disorders, bind 332, s. 318-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011

Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. / Andreassen, Anna Krogh ; Lambek, Rikke; Hemager, Nicoline et al.
I: Journal of Affective Disorders, Bind 332, 07.2023, s. 318-326.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

AU - Andreassen, Anna Krogh

AU - Lambek, Rikke

AU - Hemager, Nicoline

AU - Knudsen, Christina Bruun

AU - Veddum, Lotte

AU - Carlsen, Anders Helles

AU - Bundgaard, Anette Faurskov

AU - Søndergaard, Anne

AU - Brandt, Julie Marie

AU - Gregersen, Maja

AU - Krantz, Mette Falkenberg

AU - Burton, Birgitte Klee

AU - Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard

AU - Thorup, Anne Amalie Elgaard

AU - Nordentoft, Merete

AU - Mors, Ole

AU - Bliksted, Vibeke Fuglsang

AU - Greve, Aja

N1 - Funding Information: The study was supported by the Lundbeck Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH, grant number: R155-2014-1724 ), the Tryg Foundation , the Innovation Fund Denmark (grant number: 6152-00002B ), the Mental Health Services of the Capital Region of Denmark , Aarhus University , the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant number: 9039-00220B ), and the Beatrice Surovell Haskell Fund for Child Mental Health Research of Copenhagen (grant number: 11531 ). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors

PY - 2023/7

Y1 - 2023/7

N2 - Background: Despite the genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, working memory impairments are mainly found in children of parents with schizophrenia. However, working memory impairments are characterized by substantial heterogeneity, and it is unknown how this heterogeneity develops over time. We used a data-driven approach to assess working memory heterogeneity and longitudinal stability in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP). Methods: Based on the performances on four working memory tasks by 319 children (FHR-SZ, N = 202, FHR-BP, N = 118) measured at age 7 and 11, latent profile transition analysis was used to test for the presence of subgroups, and the stability of subgroup membership over time. Population-based controls (VIA 7, N = 200, VIA 11, N = 173) were included as a reference group. The working memory subgroups were compared based on caregiver- and teacher ratings of everyday working memory function, and dimensional psychopathology. Results: A model with three subgroups characterized by different levels of working memory function (an impaired subgroup, a mixed subgroup, and an above average subgroup) best fitted the data. The impaired subgroup had the highest ratings of everyday working memory impairments and psychopathology. Overall, 98 % (N = 314) stayed in the same subgroup from age 7 to 11. Conclusion: Persistent working memory impairments are present in a subset of children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP throughout middle childhood. Attention should be given to these children, as working memory impairments influence daily life, and may serve as a vulnerability marker of transition to severe mental illness.

AB - Background: Despite the genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, working memory impairments are mainly found in children of parents with schizophrenia. However, working memory impairments are characterized by substantial heterogeneity, and it is unknown how this heterogeneity develops over time. We used a data-driven approach to assess working memory heterogeneity and longitudinal stability in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP). Methods: Based on the performances on four working memory tasks by 319 children (FHR-SZ, N = 202, FHR-BP, N = 118) measured at age 7 and 11, latent profile transition analysis was used to test for the presence of subgroups, and the stability of subgroup membership over time. Population-based controls (VIA 7, N = 200, VIA 11, N = 173) were included as a reference group. The working memory subgroups were compared based on caregiver- and teacher ratings of everyday working memory function, and dimensional psychopathology. Results: A model with three subgroups characterized by different levels of working memory function (an impaired subgroup, a mixed subgroup, and an above average subgroup) best fitted the data. The impaired subgroup had the highest ratings of everyday working memory impairments and psychopathology. Overall, 98 % (N = 314) stayed in the same subgroup from age 7 to 11. Conclusion: Persistent working memory impairments are present in a subset of children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP throughout middle childhood. Attention should be given to these children, as working memory impairments influence daily life, and may serve as a vulnerability marker of transition to severe mental illness.

KW - Bipolar disorder

KW - Familial high risk

KW - Heterogeneity

KW - Schizophrenia

KW - Working memory

KW - Humans

KW - Attention

KW - Neuropsychological Tests

KW - Denmark/epidemiology

KW - Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology

KW - Memory, Short-Term

KW - Child

KW - Schizophrenia/genetics

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152564937&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011

DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.011

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37059192

AN - SCOPUS:85152564937

SN - 0165-0327

VL - 332

SP - 318

EP - 326

JO - Journal of Affective Disorders

JF - Journal of Affective Disorders

ER -

Working memory heterogeneity from age 7 to 11 in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder– The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study

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