Welfare of equidae during transport

Søren Saxmose Nielsen; Julio Alvarez; Dominique Joseph Bicout; Paolo Calistri; Elisabetta Canali; Julian Ashley Drewe; Bruno Garin-Bastuji; Jose Luis Gonzales Rojas; Christian Gortázar Schmidt; Virginie Michel; Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca; Barbara Padalino; Paolo Pasquali; Helen Clare Roberts; Hans Spoolder; Karl Stahl; Antonio Velarde; Arvo Viltrop; Christoph Winckler; Bernadette Earley; Sandra Edwards; Luigi Faucitano; Sonia Marti; Genaro C Miranda de La Lama; Leonardo Nanni Costa; Peter T Thomsen; Sean Ashe; Lina Mur; Yves Van der Stede; Mette Herskin; EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)

doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444

Welfare of equidae during transport

Søren Saxmose Nielsen, Julio Alvarez, Dominique Joseph Bicout, Paolo Calistri, Elisabetta Canali, Julian Ashley Drewe, Bruno Garin-Bastuji, Jose Luis Gonzales Rojas, Christian Gortázar Schmidt, Virginie Michel, Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca, Barbara Padalino, Paolo Pasquali, Helen Clare Roberts, Hans Spoolder, Karl Stahl, Antonio Velarde, Arvo Viltrop, Christoph Winckler, Bernadette EarleySandra Edwards, Luigi Faucitano, Sonia Marti, Genaro C Miranda de La Lama, Leonardo Nanni Costa, Peter T Thomsen, Sean Ashe, Lina Mur, Yves Van der Stede, Mette Herskin, EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

18 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of animal welfare legislation. This opinion deals with the protection of horses and donkeys during transport. While the opinion focuses primarily on road transport of horses, there are specific sections dealing with the transport of horses on roll-on-roll-off ferries, horses transported by air and the transport of donkeys. In addition, the opinion covers welfare concerns in relation to a specific scenario identified by the European Commission related to the transport of horses on long journeys to slaughterhouses. Current practices related to transport of horses during the different stages (preparation, loading and unloading, transit and the journey breaks) are described. Overall, 13 welfare consequences were identified as being highly relevant for the welfare of horses during transport based on severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: gastro-enteric disorders, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, isolation stress, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, respiratory disorders, resting problems, restriction of movement, sensory overstimulation and separation stress. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified related to factors such as inexperienced/untrained handlers, lack of horse training, structural deficiencies of vehicles/facilities, poor driving skills/conditions, horse separation/regrouping, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices. The opinion contains general and specific conclusions in relation to the different stages of transport. Recommendations to prevent hazards and correct or mitigate welfare consequences have been developed. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions within the means of transport and for space allowance. The development of welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey time.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e07444
Tidsskrift	EFSA Journal
Vol/bind	20
Nummer	9
Antal sider	113
ISSN	1831-4732
DOI	https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444
Status	Udgivet - sep. 2022

Emneord

horse
transport
animal welfare
Farm to Fork Stregegy
welfare consequences
nimal-based measures
quantitative thresholds

Adgang til dokumentet

10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444Licens: CC BY-ND

Citationsformater

Nielsen, S. S., Alvarez, J., Bicout, D. J., Calistri, P., Canali, E., Drewe, J. A., Garin-Bastuji, B., Gonzales Rojas, J. L., Gortázar Schmidt, C., Michel, V., Miranda Chueca, M. Á., Padalino, B., Pasquali, P., Roberts, H. C., Spoolder, H., Stahl, K., Velarde, A., Viltrop, A., Winckler, C., ... EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) (2022). Welfare of equidae during transport. EFSA Journal, 20(9), Artikel e07444. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444

@article{d64eea9d777246478db8d648270b62b9,

title = "Welfare of equidae during transport",

abstract = "In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of animal welfare legislation. This opinion deals with the protection of horses and donkeys during transport. While the opinion focuses primarily on road transport of horses, there are specific sections dealing with the transport of horses on roll-on-roll-off ferries, horses transported by air and the transport of donkeys. In addition, the opinion covers welfare concerns in relation to a specific scenario identified by the European Commission related to the transport of horses on long journeys to slaughterhouses. Current practices related to transport of horses during the different stages (preparation, loading and unloading, transit and the journey breaks) are described. Overall, 13 welfare consequences were identified as being highly relevant for the welfare of horses during transport based on severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: gastro-enteric disorders, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, isolation stress, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, respiratory disorders, resting problems, restriction of movement, sensory overstimulation and separation stress. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified related to factors such as inexperienced/untrained handlers, lack of horse training, structural deficiencies of vehicles/facilities, poor driving skills/conditions, horse separation/regrouping, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices. The opinion contains general and specific conclusions in relation to the different stages of transport. Recommendations to prevent hazards and correct or mitigate welfare consequences have been developed. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions within the means of transport and for space allowance. The development of welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey time.",

keywords = "horse, transport, animal welfare, Farm to Fork Stregegy, welfare consequences, nimal-based measures, quantitative thresholds, animal welfare, animal-based measures, Farm to Fork Strategy, Horse, quantitative thresholds, transport, welfare consequences",

author = "Nielsen, {S{\o}ren Saxmose} and Julio Alvarez and Bicout, {Dominique Joseph} and Paolo Calistri and Elisabetta Canali and Drewe, {Julian Ashley} and Bruno Garin-Bastuji and {Gonzales Rojas}, {Jose Luis} and {Gort{\'a}zar Schmidt}, Christian and Virginie Michel and {Miranda Chueca}, {Miguel {\'A}ngel} and Barbara Padalino and Paolo Pasquali and Roberts, {Helen Clare} and Hans Spoolder and Karl Stahl and Antonio Velarde and Arvo Viltrop and Christoph Winckler and Bernadette Earley and Sandra Edwards and Luigi Faucitano and Sonia Marti and {Miranda de La Lama}, {Genaro C} and Costa, {Leonardo Nanni} and Thomsen, {Peter T} and Sean Ashe and Lina Mur and {Van der Stede}, Yves and Mette Herskin and {EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2022 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA on behalf of the European Food Safety Authority.",

year = "2022",

month = sep,

doi = "10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

journal = "EFSA Journal",

issn = "1831-4732",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",

number = "9",

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Nielsen, SS, Alvarez, J, Bicout, DJ, Calistri, P, Canali, E, Drewe, JA, Garin-Bastuji, B, Gonzales Rojas, JL, Gortázar Schmidt, C, Michel, V, Miranda Chueca, MÁ, Padalino, B, Pasquali, P, Roberts, HC, Spoolder, H, Stahl, K, Velarde, A, Viltrop, A, Winckler, C, Earley, B, Edwards, S, Faucitano, L, Marti, S, Miranda de La Lama, GC, Costa, LN, Thomsen, PT, Ashe, S, Mur, L, Van der Stede, Y, Herskin, M & EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) 2022, 'Welfare of equidae during transport', EFSA Journal, bind 20, nr. 9, e07444. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444

TY - JOUR

T1 - Welfare of equidae during transport

AU - Nielsen, Søren Saxmose

AU - Alvarez, Julio

AU - Bicout, Dominique Joseph

AU - Calistri, Paolo

AU - Canali, Elisabetta

AU - Drewe, Julian Ashley

AU - Garin-Bastuji, Bruno

AU - Gonzales Rojas, Jose Luis

AU - Gortázar Schmidt, Christian

AU - Michel, Virginie

AU - Miranda Chueca, Miguel Ángel

AU - Padalino, Barbara

AU - Pasquali, Paolo

AU - Roberts, Helen Clare

AU - Spoolder, Hans

AU - Stahl, Karl

AU - Velarde, Antonio

AU - Viltrop, Arvo

AU - Winckler, Christoph

AU - Earley, Bernadette

AU - Edwards, Sandra

AU - Faucitano, Luigi

AU - Marti, Sonia

AU - Miranda de La Lama, Genaro C

AU - Costa, Leonardo Nanni

AU - Thomsen, Peter T

AU - Ashe, Sean

AU - Mur, Lina

AU - Van der Stede, Yves

AU - Herskin, Mette

AU - EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW)

PY - 2022/9

Y1 - 2022/9

N2 - In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of animal welfare legislation. This opinion deals with the protection of horses and donkeys during transport. While the opinion focuses primarily on road transport of horses, there are specific sections dealing with the transport of horses on roll-on-roll-off ferries, horses transported by air and the transport of donkeys. In addition, the opinion covers welfare concerns in relation to a specific scenario identified by the European Commission related to the transport of horses on long journeys to slaughterhouses. Current practices related to transport of horses during the different stages (preparation, loading and unloading, transit and the journey breaks) are described. Overall, 13 welfare consequences were identified as being highly relevant for the welfare of horses during transport based on severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: gastro-enteric disorders, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, isolation stress, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, respiratory disorders, resting problems, restriction of movement, sensory overstimulation and separation stress. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified related to factors such as inexperienced/untrained handlers, lack of horse training, structural deficiencies of vehicles/facilities, poor driving skills/conditions, horse separation/regrouping, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices. The opinion contains general and specific conclusions in relation to the different stages of transport. Recommendations to prevent hazards and correct or mitigate welfare consequences have been developed. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions within the means of transport and for space allowance. The development of welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey time.

AB - In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of animal welfare legislation. This opinion deals with the protection of horses and donkeys during transport. While the opinion focuses primarily on road transport of horses, there are specific sections dealing with the transport of horses on roll-on-roll-off ferries, horses transported by air and the transport of donkeys. In addition, the opinion covers welfare concerns in relation to a specific scenario identified by the European Commission related to the transport of horses on long journeys to slaughterhouses. Current practices related to transport of horses during the different stages (preparation, loading and unloading, transit and the journey breaks) are described. Overall, 13 welfare consequences were identified as being highly relevant for the welfare of horses during transport based on severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: gastro-enteric disorders, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, isolation stress, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, respiratory disorders, resting problems, restriction of movement, sensory overstimulation and separation stress. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified related to factors such as inexperienced/untrained handlers, lack of horse training, structural deficiencies of vehicles/facilities, poor driving skills/conditions, horse separation/regrouping, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices. The opinion contains general and specific conclusions in relation to the different stages of transport. Recommendations to prevent hazards and correct or mitigate welfare consequences have been developed. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions within the means of transport and for space allowance. The development of welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey time.

KW - horse

KW - transport

KW - animal welfare

KW - Farm to Fork Stregegy

KW - welfare consequences

KW - nimal-based measures

KW - quantitative thresholds

KW - animal welfare

KW - animal-based measures

KW - Farm to Fork Strategy

KW - Horse

KW - quantitative thresholds

KW - transport

KW - welfare consequences

U2 - 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444

DO - 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7444

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 36092762

SN - 1831-4732

VL - 20

JO - EFSA Journal

JF - EFSA Journal

IS - 9

M1 - e07444

ER -

Welfare of equidae during transport

Abstract

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