TY - JOUR

T1 - Transient Complexity of E. coli Lipidome Is Explained by Fatty Acyl Synthesis and Cyclopropanation

AU - Berezhnoy, Nikolay V.

AU - Cazenave-Gassiot, Amaury

AU - Gao, Liang

AU - Foo, Juat Chin

AU - Ji, Shanshan

AU - Regina, Viduthalai Rasheedkhan

AU - Yap, Pui Khee Peggy

AU - Wenk, Markus R.

AU - Kjelleberg, Staffan

AU - Seviour, Thomas William

AU - Hinks, Jamie

PY - 2022/9

Y1 - 2022/9

N2 - In the case of many bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, the composition of lipid molecules, termed the lipidome, temporally adapts to different environmental conditions and thus modifies membrane properties to permit growth and survival. Details of the relationship between the environment and lipidome composition are lacking, particularly for growing cultures under either favourable or under stress conditions. Here, we highlight compositional lipidome changes by describing the dynamics of molecular species throughout culture-growth phases. We show a steady cyclopropanation of fatty acyl chains, which acts as a driver for lipid diversity. There is a bias for the cyclopropanation of shorter fatty acyl chains (FA 16:1) over longer ones (FA 18:1), which likely reflects a thermodynamic phenomenon. Additionally, we observe a nearly two-fold increase in saturated fatty acyl chains in response to the presence of ampicillin and chloramphenicol, with consequences for membrane fluidity and elasticity, and ultimately bacterial stress tolerance. Our study provides the detailed quantitative lipidome composition of three E. coli strains across culture-growth phases and at the level of the fatty acyl chains and provides a general reference for phospholipid composition changes in response to perturbations. Thus, lipidome diversity is largely transient and the consequence of lipid synthesis and cyclopropanation.

AB - In the case of many bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, the composition of lipid molecules, termed the lipidome, temporally adapts to different environmental conditions and thus modifies membrane properties to permit growth and survival. Details of the relationship between the environment and lipidome composition are lacking, particularly for growing cultures under either favourable or under stress conditions. Here, we highlight compositional lipidome changes by describing the dynamics of molecular species throughout culture-growth phases. We show a steady cyclopropanation of fatty acyl chains, which acts as a driver for lipid diversity. There is a bias for the cyclopropanation of shorter fatty acyl chains (FA 16:1) over longer ones (FA 18:1), which likely reflects a thermodynamic phenomenon. Additionally, we observe a nearly two-fold increase in saturated fatty acyl chains in response to the presence of ampicillin and chloramphenicol, with consequences for membrane fluidity and elasticity, and ultimately bacterial stress tolerance. Our study provides the detailed quantitative lipidome composition of three E. coli strains across culture-growth phases and at the level of the fatty acyl chains and provides a general reference for phospholipid composition changes in response to perturbations. Thus, lipidome diversity is largely transient and the consequence of lipid synthesis and cyclopropanation.

KW - cyclopropanation

KW - E. coli

KW - hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)

KW - lipidomics

KW - liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138667872&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/metabo12090784

DO - 10.3390/metabo12090784

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 36144187

AN - SCOPUS:85138667872

VL - 12

JO - Metabolites

JF - Metabolites

SN - 2218-1989

IS - 9

M1 - 784

ER -