Traction and repeated wheeling – effects on contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil

L. ten Damme; P. Schjønning; L. J. Munkholm; O. Green; S. K. Nielsen; M. Lamandé

doi:10.1016/j.still.2021.105020

Traction and repeated wheeling – effects on contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil

L. ten Damme^*, P. Schjønning, L. J. Munkholm, O. Green, S. K. Nielsen, M. Lamandé

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

18 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Reducing wheel loads has long been the key advice to reduce the risk of subsoil deformation, but this disregards other machinery-soil interactions such as the effects of traction and repeated wheeling. We conducted a field experiment to disentangle the effects of traction (described as drawbar pull) and repeated wheeling on the contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil. Experimental traffic comprised a tractor (static load 11 Mg) with activated 4 WD towing a trailer (static load 17 Mg or 24 Mg) and took place on a sandy loam with stubble of oats at soil water content near field capacity. Measurements included drawbar pull, contact area and vertical contact stress, and horizontal (in the driving direction) and vertical stresses at ∼0.36 m depth in an undisturbed soil profile. Drawbar pull was significantly higher (9.13 kN compared to 6.46 kN) for the high trailer load, but no differences were observed between the two steering modes. The contact area of the tractor's rear tyres increased for the high drawbar pull but with no significant differences in length or width. The maximum vertical stress in the tractor rear tyre's contact area then tended to be lower, despite the increase in the dynamic wheel load (from 3.5 Mg to 4.1 Mg). Whereas high drawbar pull improved the stress distribution in the driving direction, the effect across the tyre was complicated. We found evidence of different tyre-soil interaction for tyres with and without traction. No significant effect of repeated wheeling with a single towed tyre (5.5 Mg) on the contact area characteristics were found. For the towed tyres, horizontal soil stress increased linearly with vertical soil stress, and we suggest that this increase is intrinsic to the soil (at these experimental conditions). Traction does then influence the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress. The results confirm the importance of considering dynamic aspects of field traffic such as traction and dynamic wheel load.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	105020
Tidsskrift	Soil and Tillage Research
Vol/bind	211
ISSN	0167-1987
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105020
Status	Udgivet - jul. 2021

Adgang til dokumentet

10.1016/j.still.2021.105020

Andre filer og links

Link to publication in Scopus

Citationsformater

@article{1d9fa7778c7141b787e56a5df8c9b791,

title = "Traction and repeated wheeling – effects on contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil",

abstract = "Reducing wheel loads has long been the key advice to reduce the risk of subsoil deformation, but this disregards other machinery-soil interactions such as the effects of traction and repeated wheeling. We conducted a field experiment to disentangle the effects of traction (described as drawbar pull) and repeated wheeling on the contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil. Experimental traffic comprised a tractor (static load 11 Mg) with activated 4 WD towing a trailer (static load 17 Mg or 24 Mg) and took place on a sandy loam with stubble of oats at soil water content near field capacity. Measurements included drawbar pull, contact area and vertical contact stress, and horizontal (in the driving direction) and vertical stresses at ∼0.36 m depth in an undisturbed soil profile. Drawbar pull was significantly higher (9.13 kN compared to 6.46 kN) for the high trailer load, but no differences were observed between the two steering modes. The contact area of the tractor's rear tyres increased for the high drawbar pull but with no significant differences in length or width. The maximum vertical stress in the tractor rear tyre's contact area then tended to be lower, despite the increase in the dynamic wheel load (from 3.5 Mg to 4.1 Mg). Whereas high drawbar pull improved the stress distribution in the driving direction, the effect across the tyre was complicated. We found evidence of different tyre-soil interaction for tyres with and without traction. No significant effect of repeated wheeling with a single towed tyre (5.5 Mg) on the contact area characteristics were found. For the towed tyres, horizontal soil stress increased linearly with vertical soil stress, and we suggest that this increase is intrinsic to the soil (at these experimental conditions). Traction does then influence the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress. The results confirm the importance of considering dynamic aspects of field traffic such as traction and dynamic wheel load.",

keywords = "Driven and towed tyres, Horizontal and vertical soil stress, Subsoil compaction risk, Vertical contact stress",

author = "{ten Damme}, L. and P. Schj{\o}nning and {J. Munkholm}, L. and O. Green and {K. Nielsen}, S. and M. Lamand{\'e}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was funded by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark via the COMMIT project (GUDP Grant no. 34009–16–1086 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",

year = "2021",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.still.2021.105020",

language = "English",

volume = "211",

journal = "Soil and Tillage Research",

issn = "0167-1987",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Traction and repeated wheeling – effects on contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil

AU - ten Damme, L.

AU - Schjønning, P.

AU - J. Munkholm, L.

AU - Green, O.

AU - K. Nielsen, S.

AU - Lamandé, M.

PY - 2021/7

Y1 - 2021/7

N2 - Reducing wheel loads has long been the key advice to reduce the risk of subsoil deformation, but this disregards other machinery-soil interactions such as the effects of traction and repeated wheeling. We conducted a field experiment to disentangle the effects of traction (described as drawbar pull) and repeated wheeling on the contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil. Experimental traffic comprised a tractor (static load 11 Mg) with activated 4 WD towing a trailer (static load 17 Mg or 24 Mg) and took place on a sandy loam with stubble of oats at soil water content near field capacity. Measurements included drawbar pull, contact area and vertical contact stress, and horizontal (in the driving direction) and vertical stresses at ∼0.36 m depth in an undisturbed soil profile. Drawbar pull was significantly higher (9.13 kN compared to 6.46 kN) for the high trailer load, but no differences were observed between the two steering modes. The contact area of the tractor's rear tyres increased for the high drawbar pull but with no significant differences in length or width. The maximum vertical stress in the tractor rear tyre's contact area then tended to be lower, despite the increase in the dynamic wheel load (from 3.5 Mg to 4.1 Mg). Whereas high drawbar pull improved the stress distribution in the driving direction, the effect across the tyre was complicated. We found evidence of different tyre-soil interaction for tyres with and without traction. No significant effect of repeated wheeling with a single towed tyre (5.5 Mg) on the contact area characteristics were found. For the towed tyres, horizontal soil stress increased linearly with vertical soil stress, and we suggest that this increase is intrinsic to the soil (at these experimental conditions). Traction does then influence the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress. The results confirm the importance of considering dynamic aspects of field traffic such as traction and dynamic wheel load.

AB - Reducing wheel loads has long been the key advice to reduce the risk of subsoil deformation, but this disregards other machinery-soil interactions such as the effects of traction and repeated wheeling. We conducted a field experiment to disentangle the effects of traction (described as drawbar pull) and repeated wheeling on the contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil. Experimental traffic comprised a tractor (static load 11 Mg) with activated 4 WD towing a trailer (static load 17 Mg or 24 Mg) and took place on a sandy loam with stubble of oats at soil water content near field capacity. Measurements included drawbar pull, contact area and vertical contact stress, and horizontal (in the driving direction) and vertical stresses at ∼0.36 m depth in an undisturbed soil profile. Drawbar pull was significantly higher (9.13 kN compared to 6.46 kN) for the high trailer load, but no differences were observed between the two steering modes. The contact area of the tractor's rear tyres increased for the high drawbar pull but with no significant differences in length or width. The maximum vertical stress in the tractor rear tyre's contact area then tended to be lower, despite the increase in the dynamic wheel load (from 3.5 Mg to 4.1 Mg). Whereas high drawbar pull improved the stress distribution in the driving direction, the effect across the tyre was complicated. We found evidence of different tyre-soil interaction for tyres with and without traction. No significant effect of repeated wheeling with a single towed tyre (5.5 Mg) on the contact area characteristics were found. For the towed tyres, horizontal soil stress increased linearly with vertical soil stress, and we suggest that this increase is intrinsic to the soil (at these experimental conditions). Traction does then influence the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress. The results confirm the importance of considering dynamic aspects of field traffic such as traction and dynamic wheel load.

KW - Driven and towed tyres

KW - Horizontal and vertical soil stress

KW - Subsoil compaction risk

KW - Vertical contact stress

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105287888&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.still.2021.105020

DO - 10.1016/j.still.2021.105020

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85105287888

SN - 0167-1987

VL - 211

JO - Soil and Tillage Research

JF - Soil and Tillage Research

M1 - 105020

ER -

Traction and repeated wheeling – effects on contact area characteristics and stresses in the upper subsoil

Abstract

Adgang til dokumentet

Andre filer og links

Fingeraftryk

Citationsformater