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TOI-1136 is a Young, Coplanar, Aligned Planetary System in a Pristine Resonant Chain

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

DOI

  • Fei Dai, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Kento Masuda, Osaka University
    • ,
  • Corey Beard, University of California at Irvine
    • ,
  • Paul Robertson, University of California at Irvine
    • ,
  • Max Goldberg, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Konstantin Batygin, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Luke Bouma, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Jack J. Lissauer, NASA Ames Research Center
    • ,
  • Emil Knudstrup
  • Simon Albrecht
  • Andrew W. Howard, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Heather A. Knutson, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Erik A. Petigura, University of California at Los Angeles
    • ,
  • Lauren M. Weiss, University of Notre Dame
    • ,
  • Howard Isaacson, University of California at Berkeley, University of Southern Queensland
    • ,
  • Martti Holst Kristiansen, Brorfelde Observatory
    • ,
  • Hugh Osborn, University of Bern, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Songhu Wang, Indiana University Bloomington
    • ,
  • Xian Yu Wang, CAS - National Astronomical Observatories, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
    • ,
  • Aida Behmard, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Michael Greklek-McKeon, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Shreyas Vissapragada, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Natalie M. Batalha, University of California at Santa Cruz
    • ,
  • Casey L. Brinkman, University of Hawaii at Manoa
    • ,
  • Ashley Chontos, Princeton University, University of Hawaii at Manoa
    • ,
  • Ian Crossfield, University of Kansas
    • ,
  • Courtney Dressing, University of California at Berkeley
    • ,
  • Tara Fetherolf, University of California at Riverside
    • ,
  • Benjamin Fulton, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    • ,
  • Michelle L. Hill, University of California at Riverside
    • ,
  • Daniel Huber, University of Hawaii at Manoa
    • ,
  • Stephen R. Kane, University of California at Riverside
    • ,
  • Jack Lubin, University of California at Irvine
    • ,
  • Mason MacDougall, University of California at Los Angeles
    • ,
  • Andrew Mayo, University of California at Berkeley
    • ,
  • Teo Močnik, Gemini Observatory
    • ,
  • Joseph M. Akana Murphy, University of California at Santa Cruz
    • ,
  • Ryan A. Rubenzahl, California Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Nicholas Scarsdale, University of California at Santa Cruz
    • ,
  • Dakotah Tyler, University of California at Los Angeles
    • ,
  • Judah Van Zandt, University of California at Los Angeles
    • ,
  • Alex S. Polanski, University of Kansas
    • ,
  • Hans Martin Schwengeler, University of Oxford
    • ,
  • Ivan A. Terentev
    • ,
  • Paul Benni
    • ,
  • Allyson Bieryla
    • ,
  • David Ciardi, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    • ,
  • Ben Falk
    • ,
  • E. Furlan
    • ,
  • Eric Girardin
    • ,
  • Pere Guerra
    • ,
  • Katharine M. Hesse, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Steve B. Howell
    • ,
  • J. Lillo-Box
    • ,
  • Elisabeth C. Matthews
    • ,
  • Joseph D. Twicken
    • ,
  • Joel Villaseñor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • David W. Latham
    • ,
  • Jon M. Jenkins
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  • George R. Ricker, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Sara Seager, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Roland Vanderspek, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • ,
  • Joshua N. Winn

Convergent disk migration has long been suspected to be responsible for forming planetary systems with a chain of mean-motion resonances (MMRs). Dynamical evolution over time could disrupt the delicate resonant configuration. We present TOI-1136, a 700 ± 150 Myr old G star hosting at least six transiting planets between ∼2 and 5 R ⊕. The orbital period ratios deviate from exact commensurability by only 10−4, smaller than the ∼10−2 deviations seen in typical Kepler near-resonant systems. A transit-timing analysis measured the masses of the planets (3-8M ⊕) and demonstrated that the planets in TOI-1136 are in true resonances with librating resonant angles. Based on a Rossiter-McLaughlin measurement of planet d, the star’s rotation appears to be aligned with the planetary orbital planes. The well-aligned planetary system and the lack of a detected binary companion together suggest that TOI-1136's resonant chain formed in an isolated, quiescent disk with no stellar flyby, disk warp, or significant axial asymmetry. With period ratios near 3:2, 2:1, 3:2, 7:5, and 3:2, TOI-1136 is the first known resonant chain involving a second-order MMR (7:5) between two first-order MMRs. The formation of the delicate 7:5 resonance places strong constraints on the system’s migration history. Short-scale (starting from ∼0.1 au) Type-I migration with an inner disk edge is most consistent with the formation of TOI-1136. A low disk surface density (Σ1 au ≲ 103g cm−2; lower than the minimum-mass solar nebula) and the resultant slower migration rate likely facilitated the formation of the 7:5 second-order MMR.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer33
TidsskriftAstronomical Journal
Vol/bind165
Nummer2
ISSN0004-6256
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 1 feb. 2023

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
J.L-B. acknowledges financial support received from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) and from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Slodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 847648, with fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI20/11760023. This research has also been partly funded by the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) Projects No. PID2019-107061GB-C61.

Funding Information:
J.M.A.M. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. DGE-1842400. J.M.A.M. acknowledges the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSSTC, NSF Cybertraining grant No. 1829740, the Brinson Foundation, and the Moore Foundation; his participation in the program has benefited this work.

Funding Information:
Based on observations (program ID: A43/TAC11) made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) operated on the island of La Palma by the Fundación Galileo Galilei of the INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement No. DNRF106).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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