TY - JOUR
T1 - Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement as a versatile method for studying structure and dynamics of biomolecular systems
AU - Lenard, Aneta J.
AU - Mulder, Frans A.A.
AU - Madl, Tobias
N1 - Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (sPRE) is a versatile nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based method that allows characterization of the structure and dynamics of biomolecular systems through providing quantitative experimental information on solvent accessibility of NMR-active nuclei. Addition of soluble paramagnetic probes to the solution of a biomolecule leads to paramagnetic relaxation enhancement in a concentration-dependent manner. Here we review recent progress in the sPRE-based characterization of structural and dynamic properties of biomolecules and their complexes, and aim to deliver a comprehensive illustration of a growing number of applications of the method to various biological systems. We discuss the physical principles of sPRE measurements and provide an overview of available co-solute paramagnetic probes. We then explore how sPRE, in combination with complementary biophysical techniques, can further advance biomolecular structure determination, identification of interaction surfaces within protein complexes, and probing of conformational changes and low-population transient states, as well as deliver insights into weak, nonspecific, and transient interactions between proteins and co-solutes. In addition, we present examples of how the incorporation of solvent paramagnetic probes can improve the sensitivity of NMR experiments and discuss the prospects of applying sPRE to NMR metabolomics, drug discovery, and the study of intrinsically disordered proteins.
AB - Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (sPRE) is a versatile nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based method that allows characterization of the structure and dynamics of biomolecular systems through providing quantitative experimental information on solvent accessibility of NMR-active nuclei. Addition of soluble paramagnetic probes to the solution of a biomolecule leads to paramagnetic relaxation enhancement in a concentration-dependent manner. Here we review recent progress in the sPRE-based characterization of structural and dynamic properties of biomolecules and their complexes, and aim to deliver a comprehensive illustration of a growing number of applications of the method to various biological systems. We discuss the physical principles of sPRE measurements and provide an overview of available co-solute paramagnetic probes. We then explore how sPRE, in combination with complementary biophysical techniques, can further advance biomolecular structure determination, identification of interaction surfaces within protein complexes, and probing of conformational changes and low-population transient states, as well as deliver insights into weak, nonspecific, and transient interactions between proteins and co-solutes. In addition, we present examples of how the incorporation of solvent paramagnetic probes can improve the sensitivity of NMR experiments and discuss the prospects of applying sPRE to NMR metabolomics, drug discovery, and the study of intrinsically disordered proteins.
KW - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
KW - Paramagnetic co-solutes
KW - Solvent accessibility
KW - Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (sPRE)
KW - Structural biology
KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
KW - Solutions
KW - Intrinsically Disordered Proteins/chemistry
KW - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular/methods
KW - Solvents/chemistry
U2 - 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.09.001
DO - 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.09.001
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36496256
SN - 0079-6565
VL - 132-133
SP - 113
EP - 139
JO - Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
JF - Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ER -