Risk assessment of added chemicals in plastics in the Danish marine environment

TY - JOUR

T1 - Risk assessment of added chemicals in plastics in the Danish marine environment

AU - Fauser, Patrik

AU - Strand, Jakob

AU - Vorkamp, Katrin

PY - 2020/8

Y1 - 2020/8

N2 - A risk assessment framework for direct exposure of residual additives and monomers present in ingested plastic particles, including microplastics, in the Danish marine environment, was presented. Eight cases of different polymer types and product groups were defined that represent the most significant exposures, and thus potential high-risk cases, towards marine organisms. Risk Quotients (RQ) were calculated for three trophic levels, i.e. pelagic/planktonic zooplankton: copepod, benthopelagic fish: Atlantic cod and seabird: northern fulmar. European and Danish Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) values were used as Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNEC). RQ larger than unity, indicating potential risks, were found for copepod and cod (pelagic community) and the flame-retardant pentabromodiphenyl ether (PeBDE) used in polyurethane (PUR), the biocide tributyltin (TBT) present as impurity in polyvinylchloride (PVC) and PUR, and the flame-retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) used in expanded polystyrene (EPS). A potential risk was found for fulmar (secondary poisoning) and PeBDE used in PUR.

AB - A risk assessment framework for direct exposure of residual additives and monomers present in ingested plastic particles, including microplastics, in the Danish marine environment, was presented. Eight cases of different polymer types and product groups were defined that represent the most significant exposures, and thus potential high-risk cases, towards marine organisms. Risk Quotients (RQ) were calculated for three trophic levels, i.e. pelagic/planktonic zooplankton: copepod, benthopelagic fish: Atlantic cod and seabird: northern fulmar. European and Danish Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) values were used as Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNEC). RQ larger than unity, indicating potential risks, were found for copepod and cod (pelagic community) and the flame-retardant pentabromodiphenyl ether (PeBDE) used in polyurethane (PUR), the biocide tributyltin (TBT) present as impurity in polyvinylchloride (PVC) and PUR, and the flame-retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) used in expanded polystyrene (EPS). A potential risk was found for fulmar (secondary poisoning) and PeBDE used in PUR.

KW - Additives

KW - Direct exposure

KW - Marine species

KW - Monomers

KW - Plastic ingestion

KW - Risk quotients

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85085602935

U2 - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111298

DO - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111298

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 32658720

SN - 0025-326X

VL - 157

JO - Marine Pollution Bulletin

JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin

M1 - 111298

ER -