TY - JOUR
T1 - Remote Ischemic Conditioning induced miRNA responses in humans
AU - Lunding, Melanie
AU - Blauenfeldt, Rolf
AU - Just, Jesper
AU - Drasbek, Kim Ryun
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive, non-pharmacological treatment where short cycles of reversible ischemia and reperfusion are applied to a tissue, organ, or limb to attenuate ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in a remote organ. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve humoral and neurological pathways not yet fully understood. Short strands of non-coding RNA, miRNAs, released and carried in the blood stream have been suggested as a pivotal humoral factor for protection. This review sought to assess which miRNAs may mediate the protective effect of RIC in humans. For this purpose, 734 studies were screened, out of which 721 were excluded while the remaining 13 formed the basis of this review. Enrichment analysis was conducted to analyze target genes, diseases, and pathways for the most frequently and consistently up- or downregulated miRNAs. The miRNA response profile to RIC differed between studies. This may be attributed to small sample sizes and interstudy differences. In a minimum of 2 studies, miR-16-5p, miR-21, miR-24, miR-144, and miR-150 were significantly upregulated, whereas miR-1 was downregulated. Interestingly, ischemic diseases and pathways related to cellular senescence were significantly enriched with these miRNAs. Inhibition of cellular senescence may be a pivotal mechanism by which RIC can attenuate IRI. However, knowledge of miRNAs induced by RIC is limited and large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted.
AB - Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive, non-pharmacological treatment where short cycles of reversible ischemia and reperfusion are applied to a tissue, organ, or limb to attenuate ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in a remote organ. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve humoral and neurological pathways not yet fully understood. Short strands of non-coding RNA, miRNAs, released and carried in the blood stream have been suggested as a pivotal humoral factor for protection. This review sought to assess which miRNAs may mediate the protective effect of RIC in humans. For this purpose, 734 studies were screened, out of which 721 were excluded while the remaining 13 formed the basis of this review. Enrichment analysis was conducted to analyze target genes, diseases, and pathways for the most frequently and consistently up- or downregulated miRNAs. The miRNA response profile to RIC differed between studies. This may be attributed to small sample sizes and interstudy differences. In a minimum of 2 studies, miR-16-5p, miR-21, miR-24, miR-144, and miR-150 were significantly upregulated, whereas miR-1 was downregulated. Interestingly, ischemic diseases and pathways related to cellular senescence were significantly enriched with these miRNAs. Inhibition of cellular senescence may be a pivotal mechanism by which RIC can attenuate IRI. However, knowledge of miRNAs induced by RIC is limited and large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted.
M3 - Review
SN - 2577-3240
VL - 5
SP - 112
EP - 122
JO - Conditioning Medicine
JF - Conditioning Medicine
IS - 4
ER -