TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulation of autophagy in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
AU - Cebollero, Eduardo
AU - Reggiori, Fulvio
PY - 2009/9
Y1 - 2009/9
N2 - Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that initially involves the bulk or the selective engulfment of cytosolic components into double-membrane vesicles and successively the transport of the sequestered cargo material into the lysosome/vacuole for degradation. This pathway allows counteracting internal and external stresses, including changes in the nutrient availability, that alter the cell metabolic equilibrium. Consequently, the regulation of autophagy is crucial for maintaining important cellular functions under various conditions and ultimately it is essential for survival. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been successfully employed as a model system to study autophagy. For instance, it has allowed the isolation of the factors specifically involved in autophagy, the Atg proteins, and the characterization of some of their molecular roles. In addition, this organism also possesses all the principal signaling cascades that modulate the cell metabolism in response to nutrient availability in higher eukaryotes, including the TOR and the PKA pathways. Therefore, yeast is an ideal system to study the regulation of autophagy by these signaling pathways. Here, we review the current state of our knowledge about the molecular events leading to the induction or inhibition of autophagy in yeast with special emphasis on the regulation of the function of Atg proteins.
AB - Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that initially involves the bulk or the selective engulfment of cytosolic components into double-membrane vesicles and successively the transport of the sequestered cargo material into the lysosome/vacuole for degradation. This pathway allows counteracting internal and external stresses, including changes in the nutrient availability, that alter the cell metabolic equilibrium. Consequently, the regulation of autophagy is crucial for maintaining important cellular functions under various conditions and ultimately it is essential for survival. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been successfully employed as a model system to study autophagy. For instance, it has allowed the isolation of the factors specifically involved in autophagy, the Atg proteins, and the characterization of some of their molecular roles. In addition, this organism also possesses all the principal signaling cascades that modulate the cell metabolism in response to nutrient availability in higher eukaryotes, including the TOR and the PKA pathways. Therefore, yeast is an ideal system to study the regulation of autophagy by these signaling pathways. Here, we review the current state of our knowledge about the molecular events leading to the induction or inhibition of autophagy in yeast with special emphasis on the regulation of the function of Atg proteins.
KW - Autophagy/physiology
KW - Hyphae/growth & development
KW - Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology
KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism
KW - Signal Transduction
KW - Transport Vesicles/metabolism
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.01.008
DO - 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.01.008
M3 - Review
C2 - 19344676
SN - 0006-3002
VL - 1793
SP - 1413
EP - 1421
JO - B B A - Proteins and Proteomics
JF - B B A - Proteins and Proteomics
IS - 9
ER -