Quantifying Reagent Spreading by Cross-Borehole Electrical Tomography to Assess Performance of Groundwater Remediation

Léa Lévy; R. Thalund-Hansen; Thue Sylvester Bording; Gianluca Fiandaca; Anders Vest Christiansen; Kirsten Rügge; Nina Tuxen; M.P. Hag; P.L. Bjerg

doi:10.1029/2022WR032218

Quantifying Reagent Spreading by Cross-Borehole Electrical Tomography to Assess Performance of Groundwater Remediation

Léa Lévy^*, R. Thalund-Hansen, Thue Sylvester Bording, Gianluca Fiandaca, Anders Vest Christiansen, Kirsten Rügge, Nina Tuxen, M.P. Hag, P.L. Bjerg

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Institut for Geoscience

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

15 Citationer (Scopus)

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Abstract

In situ remediation of contaminated groundwater often relies on the installation of a treatment zone (TZ) degrading the contamination. Zero-valent-iron (ZVI) is a type of reagent used for this purpose. Adequate delivery of ZVI in the whole target volume is particularly challenging and requires monitoring with high spatial resolution. We present a monitoring tool for imaging the dynamic spreading of ZVI and its associated ionic cloud, using cross-borehole time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). This tool works in urban areas and is particularly suitable for achieving the required spatial resolution at the scale of the target volume. Groundwater and sediment samples show a consistent spatial and temporal distribution of the remediation cloud with cross-borehole ERT. Yet, the 2D anomalies observed with cross-borehole ERT provide a more spatially complete and rapid image of the remediation cloud distribution than if based solely on monitoring screens. At the study site, ZVI injection leads to uneven spreading, clearly documented by cross-borehole ERT monitoring. The benefit of hydraulic conductivity (K) mapping by cross-borehole induced polarization (IP) to understand unexpected injection paths (upstream leakage, spreading in preferred pathways) is investigated. A 2D, IP-based, continuous, and coherent K-distribution is obtained that compares well with estimations by grain size analyses from the TZ. However, the IP-based K-field fails at predicting injection paths, suggesting the creation of pathways during the high-pressure injection of ZVI. Cross-borehole time-lapse ERT is the most promising geophysical tool for performance assessment of in situ remediation involving reagents with conductivity contrast.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e2022WR032218
Tidsskrift	Water Resources Research
Vol/bind	58
Nummer	9
Antal sider	23
ISSN	0043-1397
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032218
Status	Udgivet - sep. 2022

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10.1029/2022WR032218Licens: CC BY

Water Resources Research - 2022 - L vy - Quantifying Reagent Spreading by Cross‐Borehole Electrical Tomography to AssessForlagets udgivne version, 3,86 MBLicens: CC BY

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abstract = "In situ remediation of contaminated groundwater often relies on the installation of a treatment zone (TZ) degrading the contamination. Zero-valent-iron (ZVI) is a type of reagent used for this purpose. Adequate delivery of ZVI in the whole target volume is particularly challenging and requires monitoring with high spatial resolution. We present a monitoring tool for imaging the dynamic spreading of ZVI and its associated ionic cloud, using cross-borehole time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). This tool works in urban areas and is particularly suitable for achieving the required spatial resolution at the scale of the target volume. Groundwater and sediment samples show a consistent spatial and temporal distribution of the remediation cloud with cross-borehole ERT. Yet, the 2D anomalies observed with cross-borehole ERT provide a more spatially complete and rapid image of the remediation cloud distribution than if based solely on monitoring screens. At the study site, ZVI injection leads to uneven spreading, clearly documented by cross-borehole ERT monitoring. The benefit of hydraulic conductivity (K) mapping by cross-borehole induced polarization (IP) to understand unexpected injection paths (upstream leakage, spreading in preferred pathways) is investigated. A 2D, IP-based, continuous, and coherent K-distribution is obtained that compares well with estimations by grain size analyses from the TZ. However, the IP-based K-field fails at predicting injection paths, suggesting the creation of pathways during the high-pressure injection of ZVI. Cross-borehole time-lapse ERT is the most promising geophysical tool for performance assessment of in situ remediation involving reagents with conductivity contrast.",

keywords = "groundwater remediation, monitoring, electrical resistivity, cross-borehole, IN-SITU REMEDIATION, ZEROVALENT IRON PARTICLES, INDUCED POLARIZATION, RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY, PERMEABILITY PREDICTION, FREQUENCY-DOMAIN, CONDUCTIVITY, SAND, NANOPARTICLES, SURFACE",

author = "L{\'e}a L{\'e}vy and R. Thalund-Hansen and Bording, {Thue Sylvester} and Gianluca Fiandaca and Christiansen, {Anders Vest} and Kirsten R{\"u}gge and Nina Tuxen and M.P. Hag and P.L. Bjerg",

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doi = "10.1029/2022WR032218",

language = "English",

volume = "58",

journal = "Water Resources Research",

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Quantifying Reagent Spreading by Cross-Borehole Electrical Tomography to Assess Performance of Groundwater Remediation. / Lévy, Léa; Thalund-Hansen, R.; Bording, Thue Sylvester et al.
I: Water Resources Research, Bind 58, Nr. 9, e2022WR032218, 09.2022.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Quantifying Reagent Spreading by Cross-Borehole Electrical Tomography to Assess Performance of Groundwater Remediation

AU - Lévy, Léa

AU - Thalund-Hansen, R.

AU - Bording, Thue Sylvester

AU - Fiandaca, Gianluca

AU - Christiansen, Anders Vest

AU - Rügge, Kirsten

AU - Tuxen, Nina

AU - Hag, M.P.

AU - Bjerg, P.L.

PY - 2022/9

Y1 - 2022/9

N2 - In situ remediation of contaminated groundwater often relies on the installation of a treatment zone (TZ) degrading the contamination. Zero-valent-iron (ZVI) is a type of reagent used for this purpose. Adequate delivery of ZVI in the whole target volume is particularly challenging and requires monitoring with high spatial resolution. We present a monitoring tool for imaging the dynamic spreading of ZVI and its associated ionic cloud, using cross-borehole time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). This tool works in urban areas and is particularly suitable for achieving the required spatial resolution at the scale of the target volume. Groundwater and sediment samples show a consistent spatial and temporal distribution of the remediation cloud with cross-borehole ERT. Yet, the 2D anomalies observed with cross-borehole ERT provide a more spatially complete and rapid image of the remediation cloud distribution than if based solely on monitoring screens. At the study site, ZVI injection leads to uneven spreading, clearly documented by cross-borehole ERT monitoring. The benefit of hydraulic conductivity (K) mapping by cross-borehole induced polarization (IP) to understand unexpected injection paths (upstream leakage, spreading in preferred pathways) is investigated. A 2D, IP-based, continuous, and coherent K-distribution is obtained that compares well with estimations by grain size analyses from the TZ. However, the IP-based K-field fails at predicting injection paths, suggesting the creation of pathways during the high-pressure injection of ZVI. Cross-borehole time-lapse ERT is the most promising geophysical tool for performance assessment of in situ remediation involving reagents with conductivity contrast.

AB - In situ remediation of contaminated groundwater often relies on the installation of a treatment zone (TZ) degrading the contamination. Zero-valent-iron (ZVI) is a type of reagent used for this purpose. Adequate delivery of ZVI in the whole target volume is particularly challenging and requires monitoring with high spatial resolution. We present a monitoring tool for imaging the dynamic spreading of ZVI and its associated ionic cloud, using cross-borehole time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). This tool works in urban areas and is particularly suitable for achieving the required spatial resolution at the scale of the target volume. Groundwater and sediment samples show a consistent spatial and temporal distribution of the remediation cloud with cross-borehole ERT. Yet, the 2D anomalies observed with cross-borehole ERT provide a more spatially complete and rapid image of the remediation cloud distribution than if based solely on monitoring screens. At the study site, ZVI injection leads to uneven spreading, clearly documented by cross-borehole ERT monitoring. The benefit of hydraulic conductivity (K) mapping by cross-borehole induced polarization (IP) to understand unexpected injection paths (upstream leakage, spreading in preferred pathways) is investigated. A 2D, IP-based, continuous, and coherent K-distribution is obtained that compares well with estimations by grain size analyses from the TZ. However, the IP-based K-field fails at predicting injection paths, suggesting the creation of pathways during the high-pressure injection of ZVI. Cross-borehole time-lapse ERT is the most promising geophysical tool for performance assessment of in situ remediation involving reagents with conductivity contrast.

KW - groundwater remediation

KW - monitoring

KW - electrical resistivity

KW - cross-borehole

KW - IN-SITU REMEDIATION

KW - ZEROVALENT IRON PARTICLES

KW - INDUCED POLARIZATION

KW - RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY

KW - PERMEABILITY PREDICTION

KW - FREQUENCY-DOMAIN

KW - CONDUCTIVITY

KW - SAND

KW - NANOPARTICLES

KW - SURFACE

U2 - 10.1029/2022WR032218

DO - 10.1029/2022WR032218

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0043-1397

VL - 58

JO - Water Resources Research

JF - Water Resources Research

IS - 9

M1 - e2022WR032218

ER -

Quantifying Reagent Spreading by Cross-Borehole Electrical Tomography to Assess Performance of Groundwater Remediation

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