TY - JOUR
T1 - PyPSA-Spain
T2 - An extension of PyPSA-Eur to model the Spanish energy system
AU - Gallego-Castillo, Cristobal
AU - Victoria, Marta
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Authors
PY - 2025/7
Y1 - 2025/7
N2 - This work presents PyPSA-Spain, an open-source, high-resolution model of the Spanish energy system, developed as a national-scale fork of PyPSA-Eur. The model integrates detailed national datasets to improve the representation of renewable generation profiles (via quantile-to-quantile transformations) and regional electricity demand, and identifies a spatial resolution of 35–50 nodes as a practical balance between geographical detail and network complexity. Cross-border electricity flows with France and Portugal are represented through a nested modelling approach, using time-dependent electricity prices precomputed with PyPSA-Eur. As a case study, PyPSA-Spain is applied to optimise the 2030 electricity generation mix under decarbonisation targets from Spain's updated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Results show that improved renewable profiles lead to a more balanced deployment of solar and wind. The model also reveals potential transmission bottlenecks that may constrain the optimal use of renewable resources. PyPSA-Spain fills a methodological gap between European-scale optimisation and national planning, offering a transparent and flexible platform for future energy system analysis in Spain.
AB - This work presents PyPSA-Spain, an open-source, high-resolution model of the Spanish energy system, developed as a national-scale fork of PyPSA-Eur. The model integrates detailed national datasets to improve the representation of renewable generation profiles (via quantile-to-quantile transformations) and regional electricity demand, and identifies a spatial resolution of 35–50 nodes as a practical balance between geographical detail and network complexity. Cross-border electricity flows with France and Portugal are represented through a nested modelling approach, using time-dependent electricity prices precomputed with PyPSA-Eur. As a case study, PyPSA-Spain is applied to optimise the 2030 electricity generation mix under decarbonisation targets from Spain's updated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Results show that improved renewable profiles lead to a more balanced deployment of solar and wind. The model also reveals potential transmission bottlenecks that may constrain the optimal use of renewable resources. PyPSA-Spain fills a methodological gap between European-scale optimisation and national planning, offering a transparent and flexible platform for future energy system analysis in Spain.
KW - Energy system modelling
KW - Open-source
KW - Spanish NECP
KW - Spatial resolution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105007149192&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.esr.2025.101764
DO - 10.1016/j.esr.2025.101764
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:105007149192
SN - 2211-467X
VL - 60
JO - Energy Strategy Reviews
JF - Energy Strategy Reviews
M1 - 101764
ER -