Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes predispose to bacteremia and death in the medical intensive care unit

TY - JOUR

T1 - Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes predispose to bacteremia and death in the medical intensive care unit

AU - Henckaerts, Liesbet

AU - Nielsen, Kaspar R

AU - Steffensen, Rudi

AU - Van Steen, Kristel

AU - Mathieu, Chantal

AU - Giulietti, Annapaula

AU - Wouters, Pieter J

AU - Milants, Ilse

AU - Vanhorebeek, Ilse

AU - Langouche, Lies

AU - Vermeire, Séverine

AU - Rutgeerts, Paul

AU - Thiel, Steffen

AU - Wilmer, Alexander

AU - Hansen, Troels Krarup

AU - Van den Berghe, Greet

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - OBJECTIVE: Critically ill patients are at risk of sepsis, organ failure, and death. Studying the impact of genetic determinants may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology and allow identification of patients who would benefit from specific treatments. Our aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in selected genes involved in innate immunity on the development of bacteremia or risk of death in patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: DNA was available from 774 medical intensive care unit patients. We selected 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 14 genes involved in host innate immune defense. Serum levels of MASP2 and chemotactic capacity, phagocytosis, and killing capacity of monocytes at admission were quantified. Univariate Kaplan-Meier estimates with log-rank analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Bootstrap resampling technique and ten-fold cross-validation were used to assess replication stability, prognostic importance of the variables, and repeatability of the final regression model. MAIN RESULTS: Patients with at least one NOD2 variant were shown to have a reduced phagocytosis by monocytes (p = 0.03) and a higher risk of bacteremia than wild-type patients (p = 0.02). The NOD2/TLR4 combination was associated with bacteremia using survival analyses (time to bacteremia development, log-rank p < 0.0001), univariate regression (p = 0.0003), and multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio [OR] 4.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85-9.81; p = 0.0006). Similarly, the same combination was associated with hospital mortality using survival analysis (log-rank p = 0.03), univariate regression (p = 0.02), and multivariate regression analysis (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.09-4.74; p = 0.03). Also variants in the MASP2 gene were significantly associated with hospital mortality (survival analysis log-rank-p = 0.003; univariate regression p = 0.02; multivariate regression analysis OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.38-3.99; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Functional polymorphisms in genes involved in innate immunity predispose to severe infections and death, and may become part of a risk model, allowing identification of patients at risk, who could benefit from early introduction of specific preventive or therapeutic interventions.

AB - OBJECTIVE: Critically ill patients are at risk of sepsis, organ failure, and death. Studying the impact of genetic determinants may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology and allow identification of patients who would benefit from specific treatments. Our aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in selected genes involved in innate immunity on the development of bacteremia or risk of death in patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: DNA was available from 774 medical intensive care unit patients. We selected 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 14 genes involved in host innate immune defense. Serum levels of MASP2 and chemotactic capacity, phagocytosis, and killing capacity of monocytes at admission were quantified. Univariate Kaplan-Meier estimates with log-rank analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Bootstrap resampling technique and ten-fold cross-validation were used to assess replication stability, prognostic importance of the variables, and repeatability of the final regression model. MAIN RESULTS: Patients with at least one NOD2 variant were shown to have a reduced phagocytosis by monocytes (p = 0.03) and a higher risk of bacteremia than wild-type patients (p = 0.02). The NOD2/TLR4 combination was associated with bacteremia using survival analyses (time to bacteremia development, log-rank p < 0.0001), univariate regression (p = 0.0003), and multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio [OR] 4.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85-9.81; p = 0.0006). Similarly, the same combination was associated with hospital mortality using survival analysis (log-rank p = 0.03), univariate regression (p = 0.02), and multivariate regression analysis (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.09-4.74; p = 0.03). Also variants in the MASP2 gene were significantly associated with hospital mortality (survival analysis log-rank-p = 0.003; univariate regression p = 0.02; multivariate regression analysis OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.38-3.99; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Functional polymorphisms in genes involved in innate immunity predispose to severe infections and death, and may become part of a risk model, allowing identification of patients at risk, who could benefit from early introduction of specific preventive or therapeutic interventions.

KW - Bacteremia

KW - Female

KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease

KW - Humans

KW - Immunity, Innate

KW - Intensive Care Units

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

U2 - 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819263d8

DO - 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819263d8

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19050632

SN - 0090-3493

VL - 37

SP - 192-201, e1-3

JO - Critical Care Medicine

JF - Critical Care Medicine

IS - 1

ER -