Phosphorylation of the alpha-I motif in SYMRK drives root nodule organogenesis

Nikolaj B. Abel; Malita M.M. Nørgaard; Simon B. Hansen; Kira Gysel; Ignacio Arribas Díez; Ole N. Jensen; Jens Stougaard; Kasper R. Andersen

doi:10.1073/pnas.2311522121

Phosphorylation of the alpha-I motif in SYMRK drives root nodule organogenesis

Nikolaj B. Abel, Malita M.M. Nørgaard, Simon B. Hansen, Kira Gysel, Ignacio Arribas Díez, Ole N. Jensen, Jens Stougaard, Kasper R. Andersen

Institut for Molekylærbiologi og Genetik - Plantemolekylærbiologi

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

Abstract

Symbiosis receptor-like kinase SYMRK is required for root nodule symbiosis between legume plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. To understand symbiotic signaling from SYMRK, we determined the crystal structure to 1.95 Å and mapped the phosphorylation sites onto the intracellular domain. We identified four serine residues in a conserved "alpha-I" motif, located on the border between the kinase core domain and the flexible C-terminal tail, that, when phosphorylated, drives organogenesis. Substituting the four serines with alanines abolished symbiotic signaling, while substituting them with phosphorylation-mimicking aspartates induced the formation of spontaneous nodules in the absence of bacteria. These findings show that the signaling pathway controlling root nodule organogenesis is mediated by SYMRK phosphorylation, which may help when engineering this trait into non-legume plants.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e2311522121
Tidsskrift	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Vol/bind	121
Nummer	8
Sider (fra-til)	e2311522121
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2311522121
Status	Udgivet - 20 feb. 2024

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10.1073/pnas.2311522121

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title = "Phosphorylation of the alpha-I motif in SYMRK drives root nodule organogenesis",

abstract = "Symbiosis receptor-like kinase SYMRK is required for root nodule symbiosis between legume plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. To understand symbiotic signaling from SYMRK, we determined the crystal structure to 1.95 {\AA} and mapped the phosphorylation sites onto the intracellular domain. We identified four serine residues in a conserved {"}alpha-I{"} motif, located on the border between the kinase core domain and the flexible C-terminal tail, that, when phosphorylated, drives organogenesis. Substituting the four serines with alanines abolished symbiotic signaling, while substituting them with phosphorylation-mimicking aspartates induced the formation of spontaneous nodules in the absence of bacteria. These findings show that the signaling pathway controlling root nodule organogenesis is mediated by SYMRK phosphorylation, which may help when engineering this trait into non-legume plants.",

keywords = "phosphorylation, plant signaling, plant–microbe interaction, root nodule symbiosis, SYMRK, Plant Proteins/metabolism, Phosphorylation, Symbiosis/genetics, Phosphotransferases/metabolism, Root Nodules, Plant/metabolism, Fabaceae/metabolism, Plant Root Nodulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant",

author = "Abel, {Nikolaj B.} and N{\o}rgaard, {Malita M.M.} and Hansen, {Simon B.} and Kira Gysel and D{\'i}ez, {Ignacio Arribas} and Jensen, {Ole N.} and Jens Stougaard and Andersen, {Kasper R.}",

year = "2024",

month = feb,

day = "20",

doi = "10.1073/pnas.2311522121",

language = "English",

volume = "121",

pages = "e2311522121",

journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",

issn = "0027-8424",

publisher = "The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",

number = "8",

}

Phosphorylation of the alpha-I motif in SYMRK drives root nodule organogenesis. / Abel, Nikolaj B.; Nørgaard, Malita M.M.; Hansen, Simon B. et al.
I: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Bind 121, Nr. 8, e2311522121, 20.02.2024, s. e2311522121.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Phosphorylation of the alpha-I motif in SYMRK drives root nodule organogenesis

AU - Abel, Nikolaj B.

AU - Nørgaard, Malita M.M.

AU - Hansen, Simon B.

AU - Gysel, Kira

AU - Díez, Ignacio Arribas

AU - Jensen, Ole N.

AU - Stougaard, Jens

AU - Andersen, Kasper R.

PY - 2024/2/20

Y1 - 2024/2/20

N2 - Symbiosis receptor-like kinase SYMRK is required for root nodule symbiosis between legume plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. To understand symbiotic signaling from SYMRK, we determined the crystal structure to 1.95 Å and mapped the phosphorylation sites onto the intracellular domain. We identified four serine residues in a conserved "alpha-I" motif, located on the border between the kinase core domain and the flexible C-terminal tail, that, when phosphorylated, drives organogenesis. Substituting the four serines with alanines abolished symbiotic signaling, while substituting them with phosphorylation-mimicking aspartates induced the formation of spontaneous nodules in the absence of bacteria. These findings show that the signaling pathway controlling root nodule organogenesis is mediated by SYMRK phosphorylation, which may help when engineering this trait into non-legume plants.

AB - Symbiosis receptor-like kinase SYMRK is required for root nodule symbiosis between legume plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. To understand symbiotic signaling from SYMRK, we determined the crystal structure to 1.95 Å and mapped the phosphorylation sites onto the intracellular domain. We identified four serine residues in a conserved "alpha-I" motif, located on the border between the kinase core domain and the flexible C-terminal tail, that, when phosphorylated, drives organogenesis. Substituting the four serines with alanines abolished symbiotic signaling, while substituting them with phosphorylation-mimicking aspartates induced the formation of spontaneous nodules in the absence of bacteria. These findings show that the signaling pathway controlling root nodule organogenesis is mediated by SYMRK phosphorylation, which may help when engineering this trait into non-legume plants.

KW - phosphorylation

KW - plant signaling

KW - plant–microbe interaction

KW - root nodule symbiosis

KW - SYMRK

KW - Plant Proteins/metabolism

KW - Phosphorylation

KW - Symbiosis/genetics

KW - Phosphotransferases/metabolism

KW - Root Nodules, Plant/metabolism

KW - Fabaceae/metabolism

KW - Plant Root Nodulation

KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.2311522121

DO - 10.1073/pnas.2311522121

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 38363863

AN - SCOPUS:85185409049

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 121

SP - e2311522121

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

IS - 8

M1 - e2311522121

ER -

Phosphorylation of the alpha-I motif in SYMRK drives root nodule organogenesis

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