TY - JOUR
T1 - On the size effect in scratch and wear response of single crystalline copper
AU - Zhu, Jinxuan
AU - Aghababaei, Ramin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - Indentation hardness is a well-known material parameter for determining the resistance of a material to deformation. It is however known that indentation hardness alone cannot fully characterize anisotropic material strength in particular for single crystalline materials. Recently, it is shown that scratch hardness is a more suitable material property to characterize the wear response of crystalline materials. In this study, we use the mechanism-based strain gradient crystal plasticity to explore the size effect in the scratch behavior of single crystalline copper. Our simulations picture strong size effects in the scratch hardness value and pile-up magnitude. Interestingly, it shows that the degree and nature of size-dependency for these two parameters varies significantly and oppositely by the scratch direction. For instance, while [001] direction shows the highest degree of size effect in scratch hardness, it presents the lowest pile-up size effect. This opposite effect is explained in terms of the contribution of different slip systems to dislocation resistance and work hardening. We also show that scratch hardness, which takes into account both the size effect and crystallographic direction dependence, is an appropriate material property for wear characterization.
AB - Indentation hardness is a well-known material parameter for determining the resistance of a material to deformation. It is however known that indentation hardness alone cannot fully characterize anisotropic material strength in particular for single crystalline materials. Recently, it is shown that scratch hardness is a more suitable material property to characterize the wear response of crystalline materials. In this study, we use the mechanism-based strain gradient crystal plasticity to explore the size effect in the scratch behavior of single crystalline copper. Our simulations picture strong size effects in the scratch hardness value and pile-up magnitude. Interestingly, it shows that the degree and nature of size-dependency for these two parameters varies significantly and oppositely by the scratch direction. For instance, while [001] direction shows the highest degree of size effect in scratch hardness, it presents the lowest pile-up size effect. This opposite effect is explained in terms of the contribution of different slip systems to dislocation resistance and work hardening. We also show that scratch hardness, which takes into account both the size effect and crystallographic direction dependence, is an appropriate material property for wear characterization.
KW - Archard's wear law
KW - Crystalline anisotropy
KW - Scratch hardness
KW - Scratch size effect
KW - Strain gradient crystal plasticity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159265306&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.triboint.2023.108573
DO - 10.1016/j.triboint.2023.108573
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85159265306
SN - 0301-679X
VL - 186
JO - Tribology International
JF - Tribology International
M1 - 108573
ER -