TY - JOUR
T1 - Nitrogen and Nod factor signaling determine Lotus japonicus root exudate composition and bacterial assembly
AU - Tao, Ke
AU - Jensen, Ib T
AU - Zhang, Sha
AU - Villa-Rodríguez, Eber
AU - Blahovska, Zuzana
AU - Salomonsen, Camilla Lind
AU - Martyn, Anna
AU - Björgvinsdóttir, Þuríður Nótt
AU - Kelly, Simon
AU - Janss, Luc
AU - Glasius, Marianne
AU - Waagepetersen, Rasmus
AU - Radutoiu, Simona
N1 - © 2024. The Author(s).
PY - 2024/4
Y1 - 2024/4
N2 - Symbiosis with soil-dwelling bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen allows legume plants to grow in nitrogen-depleted soil. Symbiosis impacts the assembly of root microbiota, but it is unknown how the interaction between the legume host and rhizobia impacts the remaining microbiota and whether it depends on nitrogen nutrition. Here, we use plant and bacterial mutants to address the role of Nod factor signaling on Lotus japonicus root microbiota assembly. We find that Nod factors are produced by symbionts to activate Nod factor signaling in the host and that this modulates the root exudate profile and the assembly of a symbiotic root microbiota. Lotus plants with different symbiotic abilities, grown in unfertilized or nitrate-supplemented soils, display three nitrogen-dependent nutritional states: starved, symbiotic, or inorganic. We find that root and rhizosphere microbiomes associated with these states differ in composition and connectivity, demonstrating that symbiosis and inorganic nitrogen impact the legume root microbiota differently. Finally, we demonstrate that selected bacterial genera characterizing state-dependent microbiomes have a high level of accurate prediction.
AB - Symbiosis with soil-dwelling bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen allows legume plants to grow in nitrogen-depleted soil. Symbiosis impacts the assembly of root microbiota, but it is unknown how the interaction between the legume host and rhizobia impacts the remaining microbiota and whether it depends on nitrogen nutrition. Here, we use plant and bacterial mutants to address the role of Nod factor signaling on Lotus japonicus root microbiota assembly. We find that Nod factors are produced by symbionts to activate Nod factor signaling in the host and that this modulates the root exudate profile and the assembly of a symbiotic root microbiota. Lotus plants with different symbiotic abilities, grown in unfertilized or nitrate-supplemented soils, display three nitrogen-dependent nutritional states: starved, symbiotic, or inorganic. We find that root and rhizosphere microbiomes associated with these states differ in composition and connectivity, demonstrating that symbiosis and inorganic nitrogen impact the legume root microbiota differently. Finally, we demonstrate that selected bacterial genera characterizing state-dependent microbiomes have a high level of accurate prediction.
KW - Lotus/microbiology
KW - Symbiosis
KW - Nitrogen/metabolism
KW - Plant Roots/microbiology
KW - Signal Transduction
KW - Microbiota/physiology
KW - Rhizosphere
KW - Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
KW - Soil Microbiology
KW - Nitrogen Fixation
KW - Plant Exudates/metabolism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85191050470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41467-024-47752-0
DO - 10.1038/s41467-024-47752-0
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38653767
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 15
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 3436
ER -