Neophyte invasions in European grasslands

Irena Axmanova; Veronica Kalusová; Jiri Danihelka; Jürgen Dengler; Jan Pergl; Petr Pysek; Martin Večeřa; Fabio Attorre; Idoia Biurrun; Steffen Boch; Timo Conradi; Rosario G. Gavilán; Borja Jimenez-Alfaro; Ilona Knollová; Anna Kuzemko; Jonathan Lenoir; Jana Medvecká; Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund; Dragica Obratov-Petković; Jens-Christian Svenning; Ioannis Tsiripidris; Kiril Vasilev; Milan Chytrý

doi:10.1111/jvs.12994

Neophyte invasions in European grasslands

Irena Axmanova^*, Veronica Kalusová, Jiri Danihelka, Jürgen Dengler, Jan Pergl, Petr Pysek, Martin Večeřa, Fabio Attorre, Idoia Biurrun, Steffen Boch, Timo Conradi, Rosario G. Gavilán, Borja Jimenez-Alfaro, Ilona Knollová, Anna Kuzemko, Jonathan Lenoir, Jana Medvecká, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Dragica Obratov-Petković, Jens-Christian SvenningIoannis Tsiripidris, Kiril Vasilev, Milan Chytrý

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

31 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Questions: The human-related spread of alien plants has serious environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Therefore, it is important to know which habitats are most threatened by invasion and why. We studied a wide range of European grasslands to assess: (a) which alien species are the most successful invaders in grasslands; (b) how invasion levels differ across European regions (countries or their parts) and biogeographical regions; and (c) which habitat types are the most invaded. Location: Europe. Methods: We selected 97,411 grassland vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and assigned a native or alien status to each of the 8,212 vascular plant species found in these plots. We considered only neophytes (alien species introduced after 1500 AD), which we further divided according to their origin. We compared the levels of invasion using relative neophyte richness in the species pool, relative neophyte richness and cover per plot, and percentages of invaded plots among regions and habitats. Results: Only 536 species, representing 6.5% of all grassland vascular plant species, were classified as neophytes. These were mostly therophytes or hemicryptophytes with low habitat specificity. Most of them were present in very few plots, while only three species were recorded in more than 1% of all plots (Onobrychis viciifolia, Erigeron annuus and Erigeron canadensis). Although invasion levels were generally low, we found more invaded plots in the Boreal and Continental regions. When considering only non-European neophytes, the Pannonian region was the most invaded. Among different grassland habitats, sandy grasslands were most invaded, and alpine and oromediterranean grasslands least invaded. Conclusions: In general, natural and semi-natural European grasslands have relatively low levels of neophyte invasions compared with human-made habitats or alluvial forests, as well as with grasslands on other continents. The most typical neophytes invading European grasslands are species with broad ecological niches.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e12994
Tidsskrift	Journal of Vegetation Science
Vol/bind	32
Nummer	2
Antal sider	17
ISSN	1100-9233
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12994
Status	Udgivet - apr. 2021

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10.1111/jvs.12994

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03363274/file/Axmanova_al_Preprint_JVS.pdfLicens: CC BY

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Axmanova, I., Kalusová, V., Danihelka, J., Dengler, J., Pergl, J., Pysek, P., Večeřa, M., Attorre, F., Biurrun, I., Boch, S., Conradi, T., Gavilán, R. G., Jimenez-Alfaro, B., Knollová, I., Kuzemko, A., Lenoir, J., Medvecká, J., Moeslund, J. E., Obratov-Petković, D., ... Chytrý, M. (2021). Neophyte invasions in European grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, 32(2), Artikel e12994. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12994

@article{7ad24df328d048078d086f61f06d417a,

title = "Neophyte invasions in European grasslands",

abstract = "Questions: The human-related spread of alien plants has serious environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Therefore, it is important to know which habitats are most threatened by invasion and why. We studied a wide range of European grasslands to assess: (a) which alien species are the most successful invaders in grasslands; (b) how invasion levels differ across European regions (countries or their parts) and biogeographical regions; and (c) which habitat types are the most invaded. Location: Europe. Methods: We selected 97,411 grassland vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and assigned a native or alien status to each of the 8,212 vascular plant species found in these plots. We considered only neophytes (alien species introduced after 1500 AD), which we further divided according to their origin. We compared the levels of invasion using relative neophyte richness in the species pool, relative neophyte richness and cover per plot, and percentages of invaded plots among regions and habitats. Results: Only 536 species, representing 6.5% of all grassland vascular plant species, were classified as neophytes. These were mostly therophytes or hemicryptophytes with low habitat specificity. Most of them were present in very few plots, while only three species were recorded in more than 1% of all plots (Onobrychis viciifolia, Erigeron annuus and Erigeron canadensis). Although invasion levels were generally low, we found more invaded plots in the Boreal and Continental regions. When considering only non-European neophytes, the Pannonian region was the most invaded. Among different grassland habitats, sandy grasslands were most invaded, and alpine and oromediterranean grasslands least invaded. Conclusions: In general, natural and semi-natural European grasslands have relatively low levels of neophyte invasions compared with human-made habitats or alluvial forests, as well as with grasslands on other continents. The most typical neophytes invading European grasslands are species with broad ecological niches.",

keywords = "EUNIS habitat, Europe, European Vegetation Archive, alien, continental scale, grassland, invasion level, invasion success, neophyte, plant invasion, semi-natural vegetation",

author = "Irena Axmanova and Veronica Kalusov{\'a} and Jiri Danihelka and J{\"u}rgen Dengler and Jan Pergl and Petr Pysek and Martin Ve{\v c}e{\v r}a and Fabio Attorre and Idoia Biurrun and Steffen Boch and Timo Conradi and Gavil{\'a}n, {Rosario G.} and Borja Jimenez-Alfaro and Ilona Knollov{\'a} and Anna Kuzemko and Jonathan Lenoir and Jana Medveck{\'a} and Moeslund, {Jesper Erenskjold} and Dragica Obratov-Petkovi{\'c} and Jens-Christian Svenning and Ioannis Tsiripidris and Kiril Vasilev and Milan Chytr{\'y}",

year = "2021",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1111/jvs.12994",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

journal = "Journal of Vegetation Science",

issn = "1100-9233",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "2",

}

Axmanova, I, Kalusová, V, Danihelka, J, Dengler, J, Pergl, J, Pysek, P, Večeřa, M, Attorre, F, Biurrun, I, Boch, S, Conradi, T, Gavilán, RG, Jimenez-Alfaro, B, Knollová, I, Kuzemko, A, Lenoir, J, Medvecká, J, Moeslund, JE, Obratov-Petković, D, Svenning, J-C, Tsiripidris, I, Vasilev, K & Chytrý, M 2021, 'Neophyte invasions in European grasslands', Journal of Vegetation Science, bind 32, nr. 2, e12994. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12994

TY - JOUR

T1 - Neophyte invasions in European grasslands

AU - Axmanova, Irena

AU - Kalusová, Veronica

AU - Danihelka, Jiri

AU - Dengler, Jürgen

AU - Pergl, Jan

AU - Pysek, Petr

AU - Večeřa, Martin

AU - Attorre, Fabio

AU - Biurrun, Idoia

AU - Boch, Steffen

AU - Conradi, Timo

AU - Gavilán, Rosario G.

AU - Jimenez-Alfaro, Borja

AU - Knollová, Ilona

AU - Kuzemko, Anna

AU - Lenoir, Jonathan

AU - Medvecká, Jana

AU - Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold

AU - Obratov-Petković, Dragica

AU - Svenning, Jens-Christian

AU - Tsiripidris, Ioannis

AU - Vasilev, Kiril

AU - Chytrý, Milan

PY - 2021/4

Y1 - 2021/4

N2 - Questions: The human-related spread of alien plants has serious environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Therefore, it is important to know which habitats are most threatened by invasion and why. We studied a wide range of European grasslands to assess: (a) which alien species are the most successful invaders in grasslands; (b) how invasion levels differ across European regions (countries or their parts) and biogeographical regions; and (c) which habitat types are the most invaded. Location: Europe. Methods: We selected 97,411 grassland vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and assigned a native or alien status to each of the 8,212 vascular plant species found in these plots. We considered only neophytes (alien species introduced after 1500 AD), which we further divided according to their origin. We compared the levels of invasion using relative neophyte richness in the species pool, relative neophyte richness and cover per plot, and percentages of invaded plots among regions and habitats. Results: Only 536 species, representing 6.5% of all grassland vascular plant species, were classified as neophytes. These were mostly therophytes or hemicryptophytes with low habitat specificity. Most of them were present in very few plots, while only three species were recorded in more than 1% of all plots (Onobrychis viciifolia, Erigeron annuus and Erigeron canadensis). Although invasion levels were generally low, we found more invaded plots in the Boreal and Continental regions. When considering only non-European neophytes, the Pannonian region was the most invaded. Among different grassland habitats, sandy grasslands were most invaded, and alpine and oromediterranean grasslands least invaded. Conclusions: In general, natural and semi-natural European grasslands have relatively low levels of neophyte invasions compared with human-made habitats or alluvial forests, as well as with grasslands on other continents. The most typical neophytes invading European grasslands are species with broad ecological niches.

AB - Questions: The human-related spread of alien plants has serious environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Therefore, it is important to know which habitats are most threatened by invasion and why. We studied a wide range of European grasslands to assess: (a) which alien species are the most successful invaders in grasslands; (b) how invasion levels differ across European regions (countries or their parts) and biogeographical regions; and (c) which habitat types are the most invaded. Location: Europe. Methods: We selected 97,411 grassland vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and assigned a native or alien status to each of the 8,212 vascular plant species found in these plots. We considered only neophytes (alien species introduced after 1500 AD), which we further divided according to their origin. We compared the levels of invasion using relative neophyte richness in the species pool, relative neophyte richness and cover per plot, and percentages of invaded plots among regions and habitats. Results: Only 536 species, representing 6.5% of all grassland vascular plant species, were classified as neophytes. These were mostly therophytes or hemicryptophytes with low habitat specificity. Most of them were present in very few plots, while only three species were recorded in more than 1% of all plots (Onobrychis viciifolia, Erigeron annuus and Erigeron canadensis). Although invasion levels were generally low, we found more invaded plots in the Boreal and Continental regions. When considering only non-European neophytes, the Pannonian region was the most invaded. Among different grassland habitats, sandy grasslands were most invaded, and alpine and oromediterranean grasslands least invaded. Conclusions: In general, natural and semi-natural European grasslands have relatively low levels of neophyte invasions compared with human-made habitats or alluvial forests, as well as with grasslands on other continents. The most typical neophytes invading European grasslands are species with broad ecological niches.

KW - EUNIS habitat

KW - Europe

KW - European Vegetation Archive

KW - alien

KW - continental scale

KW - grassland

KW - invasion level

KW - invasion success

KW - neophyte

KW - plant invasion

KW - semi-natural vegetation

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105048980&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/jvs.12994

DO - 10.1111/jvs.12994

M3 - Journal article

SN - 1100-9233

VL - 32

JO - Journal of Vegetation Science

JF - Journal of Vegetation Science

IS - 2

M1 - e12994

ER -

Neophyte invasions in European grasslands

Abstract

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