Latest knowledge about changes in the proteome in microgravity

TY - JOUR

T1 - Latest knowledge about changes in the proteome in microgravity

AU - Schulz, Herbert

AU - Strauch, Sebastian M

AU - Richter, Peter

AU - Wehland, Markus

AU - Krüger, Marcus

AU - Sahana, Jayashree

AU - Corydon, Thomas J

AU - Wise, Petra

AU - Baran, Ronni

AU - Lebert, Michael

AU - Grimm, Daniela

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

PY - 2022/1

Y1 - 2022/1

N2 - INTRODUCTION: : A long-term stay of humans in space causes a large number of well-known health problems and changes in protists and plants. Deep space exploration will increase the time humans or rodents will spend in microgravity (µg). Moreover, they are exposed to cosmic radiation, hypodynamia, and isolation. OMICS investigations will increase our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of µg-induced alterations in vivo and in vitro.AREAS COVERED: : We summarize the findings over the recent 3 years on µg-induced changes in the proteome of protists, plants, rodent and human cells. Considering the thematic orientation of microgravity-related publications in that time frame, we focus on medicine-associated findings such as the µg-induced antibiotic resistance of bacteria, the myocardial consequences of µg-induced calpain activation and the role of MMP13 in osteoarthritis. All these point to the fact that µg is an extreme stressor that could not be evolutionarily addressed on Earth.EXPERT COMMENTARY: : In conclusion, when interpreting µg-experiments, the direct, mostly unspecific stress response, must be distinguished from specific µg-effects. For this reason, recent studies often do not consider single protein findings but place them in the context of protein-protein interactions. This enables an estimation of functional relationships, especially if these are supported by epigenetic and transcriptional data (multi-omics).

AB - INTRODUCTION: : A long-term stay of humans in space causes a large number of well-known health problems and changes in protists and plants. Deep space exploration will increase the time humans or rodents will spend in microgravity (µg). Moreover, they are exposed to cosmic radiation, hypodynamia, and isolation. OMICS investigations will increase our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of µg-induced alterations in vivo and in vitro.AREAS COVERED: : We summarize the findings over the recent 3 years on µg-induced changes in the proteome of protists, plants, rodent and human cells. Considering the thematic orientation of microgravity-related publications in that time frame, we focus on medicine-associated findings such as the µg-induced antibiotic resistance of bacteria, the myocardial consequences of µg-induced calpain activation and the role of MMP13 in osteoarthritis. All these point to the fact that µg is an extreme stressor that could not be evolutionarily addressed on Earth.EXPERT COMMENTARY: : In conclusion, when interpreting µg-experiments, the direct, mostly unspecific stress response, must be distinguished from specific µg-effects. For this reason, recent studies often do not consider single protein findings but place them in the context of protein-protein interactions. This enables an estimation of functional relationships, especially if these are supported by epigenetic and transcriptional data (multi-omics).

KW - Real microgravity

KW - cancer

KW - human cells

KW - plants

KW - proteome

KW - rodents

KW - simulated microgravity

U2 - 10.1080/14789450.2022.2030711

DO - 10.1080/14789450.2022.2030711

M3 - Review

C2 - 35037812

SN - 1478-9450

VL - 19

SP - 43

EP - 59

JO - Expert Review of Proteomics

JF - Expert Review of Proteomics

IS - 1

ER -