Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study

Kathrine A Kaspersen; Sussie Antonsen; Henriette T Horsdal; Bertram Kjerulff; Jørgen Brandt; Camilla Geels; Jesper H Christensen; Lise M Frohn; Clive E Sabel; Khoa M Dinh; Ole Hertel; Torben Sigsgaard; Carsten B Pedersen; Christian Erikstrup

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013

Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study

Kathrine A Kaspersen^*, Sussie Antonsen, Henriette T Horsdal, Bertram Kjerulff, Jørgen Brandt, Camilla Geels, Jesper H Christensen, Lise M Frohn, Clive E Sabel, Khoa M Dinh, Ole Hertel, Torben Sigsgaard, Carsten B Pedersen, Christian Erikstrup

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

3 Citationer (Scopus)

23 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Objectives: The association between air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in adults needs to be clarified in settings with low to moderate levels of air pollution. We investigated this in the Danish population between 2004 and 2016. Methods: We included 3 653 490 persons aged 18–64 years in a nested case-control study. Exposure was defined as the average daily concentration at the individual's residential address of CO, NO _X, NO ₂, O ₃, SO ₂, NH ₃, PPM _2.5, black carbon, organic carbon, mineral dust, sea salt, secondary inorganic aerosols, SO ₄ ^2-, NO ₃ ^-, NH ₄ ⁺, secondary organic aerosols, PM _2.5, and PM ₁₀ during a 3-month exposure window. RTIs were defined by hospitalization for RTIs. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated comparing highest with lowest decile of exposure using conditional logistic regression models. Results: In total, 188 439 incident cases of RTI were identified. Exposure to most air pollutants was positively associated with risk of RTI. For example, NO ₂ showed an IRR of 1.52 (CI: 1.48–1.55), and PM _2.5 showed an IRR of 1.45 (CI: 1.40–1.50). In contrast, exposure to sea salt, PM ₁₀, NH ₃, and O ₃ was negatively associated with a risk of RTIs. Discussion: In this nationwide study comprising adults, exposure to air pollution was associated with risk of RTIs and subgroups hereof. Sea salt, PM ₁₀, NH ₃, and O ₃ may be proxies for rural areas, as the levels of these species in Denmark are higher near the western coastlines and/or in rural areas with fewer combustion sources.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Vol/bind	30
Nummer	1
Sider (fra-til)	122-129
Antal sider	8
ISSN	1198-743X
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013
Status	Udgivet - jan. 2024

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10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013Licens: CC BY

1-s2.0-S1198743X23005219-mainForlagets udgivne version, 1,05 MBLicens: CC BY

BERTHA: Big Data Centre for Environment and Health
Sabel, C. E. (Projektkoordinator)
01/03/2018 → 28/02/2024
Projekter: Projekt › Forskning

Citationsformater

Kaspersen, K. A., Antonsen, S., Horsdal, H. T., Kjerulff, B., Brandt, J., Geels, C., Christensen, J. H., Frohn, L. M., Sabel, C. E., Dinh, K. M., Hertel, O., Sigsgaard, T., Pedersen, C. B., & Erikstrup, C. (2024). Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 30(1), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013

@article{a85a1f334c2f4cd4b929de3f9d085a50,

title = "Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study",

abstract = "Objectives: The association between air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in adults needs to be clarified in settings with low to moderate levels of air pollution. We investigated this in the Danish population between 2004 and 2016. Methods: We included 3 653 490 persons aged 18–64 years in a nested case-control study. Exposure was defined as the average daily concentration at the individual's residential address of CO, NO X, NO 2, O 3, SO 2, NH 3, PPM 2.5, black carbon, organic carbon, mineral dust, sea salt, secondary inorganic aerosols, SO 4 2-, NO 3 -, NH 4 +, secondary organic aerosols, PM 2.5, and PM 10 during a 3-month exposure window. RTIs were defined by hospitalization for RTIs. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated comparing highest with lowest decile of exposure using conditional logistic regression models. Results: In total, 188 439 incident cases of RTI were identified. Exposure to most air pollutants was positively associated with risk of RTI. For example, NO 2 showed an IRR of 1.52 (CI: 1.48–1.55), and PM 2.5 showed an IRR of 1.45 (CI: 1.40–1.50). In contrast, exposure to sea salt, PM 10, NH 3, and O 3 was negatively associated with a risk of RTIs. Discussion: In this nationwide study comprising adults, exposure to air pollution was associated with risk of RTIs and subgroups hereof. Sea salt, PM 10, NH 3, and O 3 may be proxies for rural areas, as the levels of these species in Denmark are higher near the western coastlines and/or in rural areas with fewer combustion sources.",

keywords = "air pollution, hospitalization, pneumonia, public health, respiratory tract infections, Respiratory tract infections, Pneumonia, Air pollution, Hospitalization, Public health, Humans, Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology, Carbon, Air Pollution/adverse effects, Case-Control Studies, Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets, Air Pollutants/adverse effects, Denmark/epidemiology, Nitrogen Dioxide, Particulate Matter/adverse effects, Adult, Environmental Exposure/adverse effects",

author = "Kaspersen, {Kathrine A} and Sussie Antonsen and Horsdal, {Henriette T} and Bertram Kjerulff and J{\o}rgen Brandt and Camilla Geels and Christensen, {Jesper H} and Frohn, {Lise M} and Sabel, {Clive E} and Dinh, {Khoa M} and Ole Hertel and Torben Sigsgaard and Pedersen, {Carsten B} and Christian Erikstrup",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.",

year = "2024",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013",

language = "English",

volume = "30",

pages = "122--129",

journal = "Clinical Microbiology and Infection",

issn = "1198-743X",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "1",

}

Kaspersen, KA , Antonsen, S , Horsdal, HT , Kjerulff, B , Brandt, J , Geels, C , Christensen, JH , Frohn, LM , Sabel, CE , Dinh, KM , Hertel, O , Sigsgaard, T , Pedersen, CB & Erikstrup, C 2024, 'Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study', Clinical Microbiology and Infection, bind 30, nr. 1, s. 122-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013

Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study. / Kaspersen, Kathrine A ; Antonsen, Sussie ; Horsdal, Henriette T et al.
I: Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Bind 30, Nr. 1, 01.2024, s. 122-129.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study

AU - Kaspersen, Kathrine A

AU - Antonsen, Sussie

AU - Horsdal, Henriette T

AU - Kjerulff, Bertram

AU - Brandt, Jørgen

AU - Geels, Camilla

AU - Christensen, Jesper H

AU - Frohn, Lise M

AU - Sabel, Clive E

AU - Dinh, Khoa M

AU - Hertel, Ole

AU - Sigsgaard, Torben

AU - Pedersen, Carsten B

AU - Erikstrup, Christian

PY - 2024/1

Y1 - 2024/1

N2 - Objectives: The association between air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in adults needs to be clarified in settings with low to moderate levels of air pollution. We investigated this in the Danish population between 2004 and 2016. Methods: We included 3 653 490 persons aged 18–64 years in a nested case-control study. Exposure was defined as the average daily concentration at the individual's residential address of CO, NO X, NO 2, O 3, SO 2, NH 3, PPM 2.5, black carbon, organic carbon, mineral dust, sea salt, secondary inorganic aerosols, SO 4 2-, NO 3 -, NH 4 +, secondary organic aerosols, PM 2.5, and PM 10 during a 3-month exposure window. RTIs were defined by hospitalization for RTIs. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated comparing highest with lowest decile of exposure using conditional logistic regression models. Results: In total, 188 439 incident cases of RTI were identified. Exposure to most air pollutants was positively associated with risk of RTI. For example, NO 2 showed an IRR of 1.52 (CI: 1.48–1.55), and PM 2.5 showed an IRR of 1.45 (CI: 1.40–1.50). In contrast, exposure to sea salt, PM 10, NH 3, and O 3 was negatively associated with a risk of RTIs. Discussion: In this nationwide study comprising adults, exposure to air pollution was associated with risk of RTIs and subgroups hereof. Sea salt, PM 10, NH 3, and O 3 may be proxies for rural areas, as the levels of these species in Denmark are higher near the western coastlines and/or in rural areas with fewer combustion sources.

AB - Objectives: The association between air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infection (RTI) in adults needs to be clarified in settings with low to moderate levels of air pollution. We investigated this in the Danish population between 2004 and 2016. Methods: We included 3 653 490 persons aged 18–64 years in a nested case-control study. Exposure was defined as the average daily concentration at the individual's residential address of CO, NO X, NO 2, O 3, SO 2, NH 3, PPM 2.5, black carbon, organic carbon, mineral dust, sea salt, secondary inorganic aerosols, SO 4 2-, NO 3 -, NH 4 +, secondary organic aerosols, PM 2.5, and PM 10 during a 3-month exposure window. RTIs were defined by hospitalization for RTIs. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated comparing highest with lowest decile of exposure using conditional logistic regression models. Results: In total, 188 439 incident cases of RTI were identified. Exposure to most air pollutants was positively associated with risk of RTI. For example, NO 2 showed an IRR of 1.52 (CI: 1.48–1.55), and PM 2.5 showed an IRR of 1.45 (CI: 1.40–1.50). In contrast, exposure to sea salt, PM 10, NH 3, and O 3 was negatively associated with a risk of RTIs. Discussion: In this nationwide study comprising adults, exposure to air pollution was associated with risk of RTIs and subgroups hereof. Sea salt, PM 10, NH 3, and O 3 may be proxies for rural areas, as the levels of these species in Denmark are higher near the western coastlines and/or in rural areas with fewer combustion sources.

KW - air pollution

KW - hospitalization

KW - pneumonia

KW - public health

KW - respiratory tract infections

KW - Respiratory tract infections

KW - Pneumonia

KW - Air pollution

KW - Hospitalization

KW - Public health

KW - Humans

KW - Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology

KW - Carbon

KW - Air Pollution/adverse effects

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Respiratory Aerosols and Droplets

KW - Air Pollutants/adverse effects

KW - Denmark/epidemiology

KW - Nitrogen Dioxide

KW - Particulate Matter/adverse effects

KW - Adult

KW - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects

U2 - 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013

DO - 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.013

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37858866

SN - 1198-743X

VL - 30

SP - 122

EP - 129

JO - Clinical Microbiology and Infection

JF - Clinical Microbiology and Infection

IS - 1

ER -

Exposure to air pollution and risk of respiratory tract infections in the adult Danish population - a nationwide study

Abstract

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BERTHA: Big Data Centre for Environment and Health

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