TY - JOUR
T1 - Ecotoxicological and regulatory aspects of environmental sustainability of nanopesticides
AU - Grillo, Renato
AU - Fraceto, Leonardo F.
AU - Amorim, Mónica J.B.
AU - Scott-Fordsmand, Janeck James
AU - Schoonjans, Reinhilde
AU - Chaudhry, Qasim
PY - 2021/2
Y1 - 2021/2
N2 - Recent years have seen the development of various colloidal formulations of pesticides and other agrochemicals aimed at use in sustainable agriculture. These formulations include inorganic, organic or hybrid particulates, or nanocarriers composed of biodegradable polymers, that can provide a better control of the release of active ingredients. The very small particle sizes and high surface areas of nanopesticides may however also lead to some unintended (eco)toxicological effects due to the way in which they interact with the target and non-target species and the environment. The current level of knowledge on ecotoxicological effects of nanopesticides is scarce, especially in regard to the fate and behaviour of such formulations in the environment. Nanopesticides will however have to cross a stringent regulatory scrutiny before marketing in most countries for health and environmental risks under a range of regulatory frameworks that require pre-market notification, risk assessment and approval, followed by labelling, post-market monitoring and surveillance. This review provides an overview of the key regulatory and ecotoxicological aspects relating to nanopesticides that will need to be considered for environmentally-sustainable use in agriculture.
AB - Recent years have seen the development of various colloidal formulations of pesticides and other agrochemicals aimed at use in sustainable agriculture. These formulations include inorganic, organic or hybrid particulates, or nanocarriers composed of biodegradable polymers, that can provide a better control of the release of active ingredients. The very small particle sizes and high surface areas of nanopesticides may however also lead to some unintended (eco)toxicological effects due to the way in which they interact with the target and non-target species and the environment. The current level of knowledge on ecotoxicological effects of nanopesticides is scarce, especially in regard to the fate and behaviour of such formulations in the environment. Nanopesticides will however have to cross a stringent regulatory scrutiny before marketing in most countries for health and environmental risks under a range of regulatory frameworks that require pre-market notification, risk assessment and approval, followed by labelling, post-market monitoring and surveillance. This review provides an overview of the key regulatory and ecotoxicological aspects relating to nanopesticides that will need to be considered for environmentally-sustainable use in agriculture.
KW - Agriculture
KW - Ecotoxicity
KW - Nanopesticides
KW - Nanotechnology
KW - Nanotoxicology
KW - Risk assessment
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85092396132
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124148
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124148
M3 - Review
C2 - 33059255
AN - SCOPUS:85092396132
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 404
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
IS - Part A
M1 - 124148
ER -