TY - CHAP
T1 - Diagnosis and drug resistance of human soil-transmitted helminth infections
T2 - A public health perspective
AU - Mutombo, Polydor Ngoy
AU - Man, Nicola W Y
AU - Nejsum, Peter
AU - Ricketson, Robert
AU - Gordon, Catherine A
AU - Robertson, Gemma
AU - Clements, Archie C A
AU - Chacón-Fonseca, Nathalie
AU - Nissapatorn, Veeranoot
AU - Webster, Joanne P
AU - McLaws, Mary-Louise
N1 - © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections represent a major public health problem globally, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged populations. Detection of STH infections is often challenging, requiring a combination of diagnostic techniques to achieve acceptable sensitivity and specificity, particularly in low infection-intensity situations. The microscopy-based Kato-Katz remains the most widely used method but has low sensitivity in the detection of, for instance, Strongyloides spp. infections, among others. Antigen/antibody assays can be more sensitive but are parasite species-specific. Highly sensitive PCR methods have been developed to be multiplexed to allow multi-species detection. Novel diagnostic tests for all STH species are needed for effective monitoring, evaluation of chemotherapy programmes, and to assess the potential emergence of parasite resistance. This review discusses available diagnostic methods for the different stages of STH control programmes, which vary in sensitivity and spectrum of detection requirements, and tools to evaluate drug efficacy and resistance.
AB - Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections represent a major public health problem globally, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged populations. Detection of STH infections is often challenging, requiring a combination of diagnostic techniques to achieve acceptable sensitivity and specificity, particularly in low infection-intensity situations. The microscopy-based Kato-Katz remains the most widely used method but has low sensitivity in the detection of, for instance, Strongyloides spp. infections, among others. Antigen/antibody assays can be more sensitive but are parasite species-specific. Highly sensitive PCR methods have been developed to be multiplexed to allow multi-species detection. Novel diagnostic tests for all STH species are needed for effective monitoring, evaluation of chemotherapy programmes, and to assess the potential emergence of parasite resistance. This review discusses available diagnostic methods for the different stages of STH control programmes, which vary in sensitivity and spectrum of detection requirements, and tools to evaluate drug efficacy and resistance.
KW - Diagnostic evaluation
KW - STH programmes
KW - Soil-transmitted helminths control
KW - Strongyloides
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063659676&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/bs.apar.2019.02.004
DO - 10.1016/bs.apar.2019.02.004
M3 - Book chapter
C2 - 31030770
SN - 9780128177167
T3 - Advances in Parasitology
SP - 247
EP - 326
BT - Advances in Parasitology
A2 - Rollinson, D.
A2 - Stothard, J.R.
PB - Elsevier
ER -