TY - JOUR
T1 - Cryogen-free dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization polarizer operating at 3.35 T, 6.70 T, and 10.1 T
AU - Ardenkjær-Larsen, Jan Henrik
AU - Bowen, Sean
AU - Petersen, Jan Raagaard
AU - Rybalko, Oleksandr
AU - Vinding, Mads Sloth
AU - Ullisch, Marcus
AU - Nielsen, Niels Chr
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Purpose: A novel dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) polarizer platform is presented. The polarizer meets a number of key requirements for in vitro, preclinical, and clinical applications. Method: It uses no liquid cryogens, operates in continuous mode, accommodates a wide range of sample sizes up to and including those required for human studies, and is fully automated. Results: It offers a wide operational window both in terms of magnetic field, up to 10.1 T, and temperature, from room temperature down to 1.3 K. The polarizer delivers a 13C liquid state polarization for [1-13C]pyruvate of 70%. The build-up time constant in the solid state is approximately 1200 s (20 minutes), allowing a sample throughput of at least one sample per hour including sample loading and dissolution. Conclusion: We confirm the previously reported strong field dependence in the range 3.35 to 6.7 T, but see no further increase in polarization when increasing the magnetic field strength to 10.1 T for [1-13C]pyruvate and trityl. Using a custom dry magnet, cold head and recondensing, closed-cycle cooling system, combined with a modular DNP probe, and automation and fluid handling systems, we have designed a unique dDNP system with unrivalled flexibility and performance.
AB - Purpose: A novel dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) polarizer platform is presented. The polarizer meets a number of key requirements for in vitro, preclinical, and clinical applications. Method: It uses no liquid cryogens, operates in continuous mode, accommodates a wide range of sample sizes up to and including those required for human studies, and is fully automated. Results: It offers a wide operational window both in terms of magnetic field, up to 10.1 T, and temperature, from room temperature down to 1.3 K. The polarizer delivers a 13C liquid state polarization for [1-13C]pyruvate of 70%. The build-up time constant in the solid state is approximately 1200 s (20 minutes), allowing a sample throughput of at least one sample per hour including sample loading and dissolution. Conclusion: We confirm the previously reported strong field dependence in the range 3.35 to 6.7 T, but see no further increase in polarization when increasing the magnetic field strength to 10.1 T for [1-13C]pyruvate and trityl. Using a custom dry magnet, cold head and recondensing, closed-cycle cooling system, combined with a modular DNP probe, and automation and fluid handling systems, we have designed a unique dDNP system with unrivalled flexibility and performance.
KW - dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization
KW - dry magnet
KW - hyperpolarization
KW - polarizer
KW - RESONANCE
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055416410&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/mrm.27537
DO - 10.1002/mrm.27537
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30357898
AN - SCOPUS:85055416410
SN - 0740-3194
VL - 81
SP - 2184
EP - 2194
JO - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
JF - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
IS - 3
ER -