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Crucial correction of the Faix method for the determination of carbonyls in pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction bio-oils with high nitrogen content

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

DOI

  • Michal Šiman, University of Chemistry and Technology
    • ,
  • Vojtěch Krupka, University of Chemistry and Technology
    • ,
  • Lukáš Kejla, University of Chemistry and Technology
    • ,
  • Petr Straka, University of Chemistry and Technology
    • ,
  • Tim Schulzke, Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology
    • ,
  • Juliano Souza dos Passos
  • Patrick Biller
  • Miloš Auersvald, University of Chemistry and Technology

Accurate and reliable determination of carbonyl content in bio-oils from pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass is crucial not only for estimating the storage stability of the sample but also for creating an adequate design of the hydrotreatment process allowing long-term operation. The composition of bio-oils from various feedstocks can, however, significantly differ from woody bio-oils, which were utilized to develop the Faix method, the most frequently used for carbonyl determination. In this study, we present a limitation of this method when used for the analysis of bio-oils prepared from protein-rich biomass. These bio-oils are known to have a high nitrogen content, which can be present in the form of possibly interfering compounds. In this study, nitrogen interferences were identified, and a correction step mitigating the underestimation of carbonyl content was introduced. This novel approach was tested for 13 crude bio-oils prepared by pyrolysis or HTL from 10 different feedstocks with a wide range of nitrogen content. Besides crude bio-oils, five hydrotreated HTL oils from sewage sludge were also analyzed. For bio-oils or hydrotreated products with increased nitrogen content but containing less than 0.5 mmol/g of carbonyls, without the correction step, the method can provide zero and in extreme cases even negative values. Statistical analysis of results showed that the introduction of the correction step can be crucial for bio-oils containing more than 2 wt% of nitrogen and especially hydrotreated bio-oils from protein-rich biomass.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer106086
TidsskriftJournal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis
Vol/bind173
ISSN0165-2370
DOI
StatusUdgivet - aug. 2023

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
The work was supported by the Ministry of Education , Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic from the institutional support of the research organization ( CZ60461373 ).

Funding Information:
The work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic from the institutional support of the research organization (CZ60461373). The production of fast pyrolysis bio-oils was done in the framework of national collaborative project “PyroMar”, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action on the basis of a decision by the German Bundestag (03EI5412A). The production of HTL oil was performed with support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program grant No. 849841 (REBOOT) and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant No. 764734 (HyFlexFuel).

Funding Information:
The production of fast pyrolysis bio-oils was done in the framework of national collaborative project “PyroMar”, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action on the basis of a decision by the German Bundestag ( 03EI5412A ).

Funding Information:
The production of HTL oil was performed with support from the European Research Council ( ERC ) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program grant No. 849841 (REBOOT) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant No. 764734 (HyFlexFuel).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.

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