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Controlling anammox speciation and biofilm attachment strategy using N-biotransformation intermediates and organic carbon levels

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

DOI

  • Yang Lu, Nanyang Technological University, University of Queensland
    • ,
  • Gayathri Natarajan, Nanyang Technological University
    • ,
  • Thi Quynh Ngoc Nguyen, Nanyang Technological University, Agency for Science, Technology and Research
    • ,
  • Sara Swa Thi, Nanyang Technological University
    • ,
  • Krithika Arumugam, Nanyang Technological University
    • ,
  • Thomas Seviour
  • Rohan B.H. Williams, Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
    • ,
  • Stefan Wuertz, Nanyang Technological University, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
    • ,
  • Yingyu Law, Nanyang Technological University

Conventional nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment requires a high oxygen and energy input. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), the single-step conversion of ammonium and nitrite to nitrogen gas, is a more energy and cost effective alternative applied extensively to sidestream wastewater treatment. It would also be a mainstream treatment option if species diversity and physiology were better understood. Anammox bacteria were enriched up to 80%, 90% and 50% relative abundance, from a single inoculum, under standard enrichment conditions with either stepwise-nitrite and ammonia concentration increases (R1), nitric oxide supplementation (R2), or complex organic carbon from mainstream wastewater (R3), respectively. Candidatus Brocadia caroliniensis predominated in all reactors, but a shift towards Ca. Brocadia sinica occurred at ammonium and nitrite concentrations > 270 mg NH4–N L−1 and 340 mg NO2–N L−1 respectively. With NO present, heterotrophic growth was inhibited, and Ca. Jettenia coexisted with Ca. B. caroliniensis before diminishing as nitrite increased to 160 mg NO2–N L−1. Organic carbon supplementation led to the emergence of heterotrophic communities that coevolved with Ca. B. caroliniensis. Ca. B. caroliniensis and Ca. Jettenia preferentially formed biofilms on surfaces, whereas Ca. Brocadia sinica formed granules in suspension. Our results indicate that multiple anammox bacteria species co-exist and occupy sub-niches in anammox reactors, and that the dominant population can be reversibly shifted by, for example, changing nitrogen load (i.e. high nitrite concentration favors Ca. Brocadia caroliniensis). Speciation has implications for wastewater process design, where the optimum cell immobilization strategy (i.e. carriers vs granules) depends on which species dominates.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer21720
TidsskriftScientific Reports
Vol/bind12
ISSN2045-2322
DOI
StatusUdgivet - dec. 2022

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation and Ministry of Education under the Research Centre of Excellence Programme, and by a program grant from the National Research Foundation (NRF), project number 1301-IRIS-59. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Larry Liew and staff from the Public Utilities Board (PUB) of Singapore for the weekly collection of primary effluent and Mr. Eganathan Kaliyamoorthy for his help in conducting solids analysis.

Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation and Ministry of Education under the Research Centre of Excellence Programme, and by a program grant from the National Research Foundation (NRF), project number 1301-IRIS-59. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Larry Liew and staff from the Public Utilities Board (PUB) of Singapore for the weekly collection of primary effluent and Mr. Eganathan Kaliyamoorthy for his help in conducting solids analysis.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

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