Command of Vessels in the Era of Digitalization

TY - GEN

T1 - Command of Vessels in the Era of Digitalization

AU - Kitada, Momoko

AU - Baldauf, Michael

AU - Mannov, Adrienne

AU - Svendsen, Peter Aske

AU - Baumler, Rafael

AU - Schröder-Hinrichs, Jens-Uwe

AU - Dalaklis, Dimitrios

AU - Fonseca, Tiago

AU - Shi, Xiaoning

AU - Lagdami, Khanssa

PY - 2019/1

Y1 - 2019/1

N2 - Recent discussions on digitalization, and autonomous ships provide a disruptive picture of how the maritime industry may be transformed in this process. The magnitude of this digitalization trend is very different from the one of implementing e-Navigation initiated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2006 to harmonize, integrate, exchange, present and analyze marine information on board and ashore by electronic means. A rapid speed of digitalization of ship operation is causing controversy. For example, the maritime industry has not yet come to a consensus about agreed definitions of “autonomous ship”, “unmanned ship” and a “remote-controlled vessel”. Some pioneering industry developers, invest in the digitalization of ship operation to make the maritime transport more reliable, safe and efficient. Whilst such technological developments promise safe and efficient business models to a greater extent, it has not been much discussed how people on board will be affected by digitalization with a particular attention to the notion of leadership. Command of vessels has been traditionally considered as a human domain. The ways in which leadership is displayed on board and how each task is dedicated to the members of a shipboard organization will be radically different in the era of digitalization. Based on the qualitative data obtained from semi-structured interviews, group interviews and participant observation with maritime experts in Norway, the paper discusses the impact of digitalization on organized work in ship operation, implications of digitalization for leadership, and leadership required in the era of digitalization. It concludes that human-automation coordination as well as human-human coordination are the key to support the future operation of ships.

AB - Recent discussions on digitalization, and autonomous ships provide a disruptive picture of how the maritime industry may be transformed in this process. The magnitude of this digitalization trend is very different from the one of implementing e-Navigation initiated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2006 to harmonize, integrate, exchange, present and analyze marine information on board and ashore by electronic means. A rapid speed of digitalization of ship operation is causing controversy. For example, the maritime industry has not yet come to a consensus about agreed definitions of “autonomous ship”, “unmanned ship” and a “remote-controlled vessel”. Some pioneering industry developers, invest in the digitalization of ship operation to make the maritime transport more reliable, safe and efficient. Whilst such technological developments promise safe and efficient business models to a greater extent, it has not been much discussed how people on board will be affected by digitalization with a particular attention to the notion of leadership. Command of vessels has been traditionally considered as a human domain. The ways in which leadership is displayed on board and how each task is dedicated to the members of a shipboard organization will be radically different in the era of digitalization. Based on the qualitative data obtained from semi-structured interviews, group interviews and participant observation with maritime experts in Norway, the paper discusses the impact of digitalization on organized work in ship operation, implications of digitalization for leadership, and leadership required in the era of digitalization. It concludes that human-automation coordination as well as human-human coordination are the key to support the future operation of ships.

KW - Autonomous and unmanned ships

KW - Digitalization

KW - Human-automation coordination

KW - Human-automation interaction

KW - Leadership

KW - Maritime industry

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85049691352&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-319-94709-9_32

DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-94709-9_32

M3 - Article in proceedings

SN - 978-3-319-94708-2

SP - 339

EP - 350

BT - Advances in Human Factors, Business Management and Society - Proceedings of the AHFE 2018 International Conference on Human Factors, Business Management and Society, 2018

A2 - Kantola, Jussi Ilari

A2 - Nazir, Salman

A2 - Barath, Tibor

PB - Springer

CY - Switzerland

T2 - International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics

Y2 - 21 July 2018 through 25 July 2018

ER -