Bioactive Nano-fibrous Scaffold for Vascularized Craniofacial Bone Regeneration

TY - JOUR

T1 - Bioactive Nano-fibrous Scaffold for Vascularized Craniofacial Bone Regeneration

AU - Prabha, Rahul Damodaran

AU - Kraft, David Christian Evar

AU - Harkness, Linda

AU - Melsen, Birte

AU - Varma, Harikrishna

AU - Nair, Prabha D

AU - Kjems, Jorgen

AU - Kassem, Mousthapha

N1 - This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PY - 2018/3

Y1 - 2018/3

N2 - There has been a growing demand for bone grafts for correction of bone defects in complicated fractures or tumors in the craniofacial region. Soft flexible membrane like material that could be inserted into defect by less invasive approaches; promote osteoconductivity and act as a barrier to soft tissue in growth while promoting bone formation is an attractive option for this region. Electrospinning has recently emerged as one of the most promising techniques for fabrication of extracellular matrix (ECM) like nano-fibrous scaffolds that can serve as a template for bone formation. To overcome the limitation of cell penetration of electrospun scaffolds and improve on its osteoconductive nature, in this study, we fabricated a novel electrospun composite scaffold of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - poly (ε) caprolactone (PCL) - Bioceramic (HAB), namely, PVA-PCL-HAB. The scaffold prepared by dual electrospinning of PVA and PCL with HAB overcomes reduced cell attachment associated with hydrophobic poly (ε) caprolactone (PCL) by combination with a hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the bioceramic (HAB) can contribute to enhance osteo-conductivity. We characterized the physicochemical and biocompatibility properties of the new scaffold material. Our results indicate PVA-PCL-HAB scaffolds support attachment and growth of stromal stem cells; (human bone marrow skeletal (mesenchymal) stem cells (hMSC) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSC)). In addition, the scaffold supported in vitro osteogenic differentiation and in vivo vascularized bone formation. Thus, PVA-PCL-HAB scaffold is a suitable potential material for therapeutic bone regeneration in dentistry and orthopaedics.

AB - There has been a growing demand for bone grafts for correction of bone defects in complicated fractures or tumors in the craniofacial region. Soft flexible membrane like material that could be inserted into defect by less invasive approaches; promote osteoconductivity and act as a barrier to soft tissue in growth while promoting bone formation is an attractive option for this region. Electrospinning has recently emerged as one of the most promising techniques for fabrication of extracellular matrix (ECM) like nano-fibrous scaffolds that can serve as a template for bone formation. To overcome the limitation of cell penetration of electrospun scaffolds and improve on its osteoconductive nature, in this study, we fabricated a novel electrospun composite scaffold of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - poly (ε) caprolactone (PCL) - Bioceramic (HAB), namely, PVA-PCL-HAB. The scaffold prepared by dual electrospinning of PVA and PCL with HAB overcomes reduced cell attachment associated with hydrophobic poly (ε) caprolactone (PCL) by combination with a hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the bioceramic (HAB) can contribute to enhance osteo-conductivity. We characterized the physicochemical and biocompatibility properties of the new scaffold material. Our results indicate PVA-PCL-HAB scaffolds support attachment and growth of stromal stem cells; (human bone marrow skeletal (mesenchymal) stem cells (hMSC) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSC)). In addition, the scaffold supported in vitro osteogenic differentiation and in vivo vascularized bone formation. Thus, PVA-PCL-HAB scaffold is a suitable potential material for therapeutic bone regeneration in dentistry and orthopaedics.

KW - bioceramics

KW - bone

KW - craniofacial

KW - electrospinning

KW - scaffold

KW - stem cells

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85037342942&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/term.2579

DO - 10.1002/term.2579

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28967188

SN - 1932-6254

VL - 12

SP - e1537-e1548

JO - Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

JF - Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

IS - 3

ER -