TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessing inter- and intra-examiner reliability of orthodontists in devising incisor position objectives on cephalograms
T2 - a comparative study between senior and junior practitioners
AU - Li, Xue
AU - Tang, Zhenxing
AU - Li, Yu
AU - Niu, Xiaowen
AU - Zhou, Fang
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Background: Effective orthodontic treatment planning hinges on accurately defining incisor position objectives (IPO) in cephalograms. The purpose of this study was to estimate the inter-examiner and intra-examiner reliability of different orthodontists in devising IPOs on cephalograms. Methods: Ten orthodontists, who were divided into to the senior group (N = 5) and the junior group (N = 5) based on their clinical experience, formulated IPOs for 60 pre-treatment cephalograms twice with an interval of 2 weeks, utilizing SmartOrtho software. The type and magnitude of movement were read directly in the software. A paired t-test assessed the absolute differences between the first and second IPO devising within each group and between the senior and junior groups in each time’s IPO devising. The intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliabilities were calculated. Results: There were significant differences in all types of upper incisor movement and lower incisor protrusion/retraction movement between the first and second IPO devising of the senior group. The junior group exhibited significant differences in the twice the upper incisor extrusion/intrusion movement and upper incisor torque movement devising. Additionally, significant differences in all types of incisor movement between the senior and junior groups in each time’s IPO devising. Intra-examiner reliabilities were excellent for both two groups and moderate for the junior group in most types of incisor movement, respectively. The inter-examiner reliability between the two groups ranged from moderate to good across different types of incisor movement. Conclusions: Among orthodontists, both senior and junior practitioners displayed the best inter-examiner reliability in lower incisor extrusion/intrusion movement. In terms of intra-examiner reliability, senior orthodontists had better intra-examiner reliability in upper incisor position objectives devising than the junior orthodontists. Furthermore, senior orthodontists tended to adopt a more recessive, intrusive, and lingually torqued incisor position approach compared to junior orthodontists.
AB - Background: Effective orthodontic treatment planning hinges on accurately defining incisor position objectives (IPO) in cephalograms. The purpose of this study was to estimate the inter-examiner and intra-examiner reliability of different orthodontists in devising IPOs on cephalograms. Methods: Ten orthodontists, who were divided into to the senior group (N = 5) and the junior group (N = 5) based on their clinical experience, formulated IPOs for 60 pre-treatment cephalograms twice with an interval of 2 weeks, utilizing SmartOrtho software. The type and magnitude of movement were read directly in the software. A paired t-test assessed the absolute differences between the first and second IPO devising within each group and between the senior and junior groups in each time’s IPO devising. The intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliabilities were calculated. Results: There were significant differences in all types of upper incisor movement and lower incisor protrusion/retraction movement between the first and second IPO devising of the senior group. The junior group exhibited significant differences in the twice the upper incisor extrusion/intrusion movement and upper incisor torque movement devising. Additionally, significant differences in all types of incisor movement between the senior and junior groups in each time’s IPO devising. Intra-examiner reliabilities were excellent for both two groups and moderate for the junior group in most types of incisor movement, respectively. The inter-examiner reliability between the two groups ranged from moderate to good across different types of incisor movement. Conclusions: Among orthodontists, both senior and junior practitioners displayed the best inter-examiner reliability in lower incisor extrusion/intrusion movement. In terms of intra-examiner reliability, senior orthodontists had better intra-examiner reliability in upper incisor position objectives devising than the junior orthodontists. Furthermore, senior orthodontists tended to adopt a more recessive, intrusive, and lingually torqued incisor position approach compared to junior orthodontists.
KW - Cephalograms
KW - Incisor position objectives
KW - Inter-examiner reliability
KW - Intra-examiner reliability
KW - Orthodontic treatment planning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85178197090&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12903-023-03638-z
DO - 10.1186/s12903-023-03638-z
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38041051
AN - SCOPUS:85178197090
SN - 1472-6831
VL - 23
JO - BMC Oral Health
JF - BMC Oral Health
IS - 1
M1 - 953
ER -