When we consider the history of ancient Halikarnassos, the golden era of Maussollos stands out both in the literary sources and in terms of the previous research focus. According to the literary tradition, Halikarnassos never recovered after its destruction by Alexander the Great in 334 BC and according to Cicero, the city was in a ruinous state and had to be restored by his brother Quintus. However, it is worth noticing that the city was apparently so wealthy that it could still be plundered by the infamous Verres in 80/79 BC, and only a few years later Vitruvius offers a detailed description of an apparently splendid city with a wonderful architectural appearance. The ongoing archaeological research has changed the previous perception of the city fundamentally, and we now have a much better understanding of the development of the city from its re-founding by Maussollos, through the Hellenistic and Imperial period and not least Late Antiquity, which turned out to be a new golden age of Halikarnassos.