TY - JOUR
T1 - Airsheds, watersheds and more – The flows that drive intra-extra-urban connections, and their implications for nature-based solutions (NBS)
AU - Jones, Laurence
AU - Reis, Stefan
AU - Hutchins, Mike
AU - Miller, James
AU - He, Baihuiqian
AU - Seifert-Dähnn, Isabel
AU - Xu, Chong Yu
AU - Hagen-Zanker, Alex
AU - Yu, Jingyan
AU - Lin, Tao
AU - Jia, Haifeng
AU - Loiselle, Steven
AU - Russel, Duncan
AU - Sabel, Clive E.
AU - Fletcher, David
AU - Fitch, Alice
AU - Inostroza, Luis
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Cities are highly complex, inter-connected social-ecological systems, encompassing social, built and natural/semi-natural components. They interact with their surrounding extra-urban areas at varying scales, from peri-urban and rural to global. Space is a valuable commodity in cities. However, in most instances, city planners tend to think about interventions only within cities and rarely about the wider connected domains outside. Yet, considering the wider spatial context, including space outside of the city boundaries, may open up opportunities to achieve substantially greater benefit for city residents without sacrificing valuable space, leading to more sustainable city design for people and the environment. In this paper we discuss the intra-extra-urban flows which connect cities to their wider airsheds, watersheds, biosheds and resourcesheds, which in turn interact with their peoplesheds. For each domain, we illustrate the processes and the scales they operate at, and discuss the implications for optimum location of nature-based solutions (NBS) to address urban challenges. We suggest that integrating knowledge about these multiple sheds can inform holistic design of NBS to deliver greater benefit for city residents. This takes into account the synergies and multi-functional co-benefits which arise from a careful consideration of place and people, while minimising potential disbenefits and trade-offs.
AB - Cities are highly complex, inter-connected social-ecological systems, encompassing social, built and natural/semi-natural components. They interact with their surrounding extra-urban areas at varying scales, from peri-urban and rural to global. Space is a valuable commodity in cities. However, in most instances, city planners tend to think about interventions only within cities and rarely about the wider connected domains outside. Yet, considering the wider spatial context, including space outside of the city boundaries, may open up opportunities to achieve substantially greater benefit for city residents without sacrificing valuable space, leading to more sustainable city design for people and the environment. In this paper we discuss the intra-extra-urban flows which connect cities to their wider airsheds, watersheds, biosheds and resourcesheds, which in turn interact with their peoplesheds. For each domain, we illustrate the processes and the scales they operate at, and discuss the implications for optimum location of nature-based solutions (NBS) to address urban challenges. We suggest that integrating knowledge about these multiple sheds can inform holistic design of NBS to deliver greater benefit for city residents. This takes into account the synergies and multi-functional co-benefits which arise from a careful consideration of place and people, while minimising potential disbenefits and trade-offs.
KW - Cities
KW - Ecosystem services
KW - Green infrastructure
KW - Urban metabolism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85168510356&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100040
DO - 10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100040
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85168510356
SN - 2772-4115
VL - 2
JO - Nature-Based Solutions
JF - Nature-Based Solutions
M1 - 100040
ER -