TY - JOUR
T1 - A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
AU - Dragsbaek, Simone Juel
AU - Hansen, Jacob Valentin
AU - Merit, Victor Tang
AU - Lyhne, Mads Dam
AU - Kirk, Mathilde Emilie
AU - Kramer, Anders Dahl
AU - Poulsen, Mette Wørmer
AU - Mortensen, Christian Schmidt
AU - Nielsen-Kudsk, Jens Erik
AU - Andersen, Asger
AU - Schultz, Jacob Gammelgaard
PY - 2024/9
Y1 - 2024/9
N2 - Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially life-threatening condition that causes abrupt obstruction of the pulmonary arteries, leading to acute right heart failure. Novel diagnostic methods and catheter-directed therapies are being developed rapidly, and there is an obvious need for a realistic PE animal model that can be used for pathophysiological evaluation and preclinical testing. This protocol introduces a porcine model employing large autologous pulmonary emboli. Instrumentations are performed with minimally invasive techniques, creating a close-chest model that enables the investigation of various treatment options with high reproducibility. Three hours after drawing blood to create autologous emboli ex vivo, the induction of PE caused an immediate increase in the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (17 ± 3 mmHg to 33 ± 6 mmHg, p < 0.0001) and heart rate (50 ± 9 beats·min-1 to 63 ± 6 beats·min-1, p < 0.0003) accompanied by a decreased cardiac output (5.0 ± 0.8 L/min to 4.5 ± 0.9 L/min, p < 0.037) compared to baseline. The CT pulmonary angiography revealed multiple emboli, and the pulmonary obstruction percentage was increased compared to baseline (0% [0-0] to 57.1% [38.8-63.3], p < 0.0001). In the acute phase, the phenotype is comparable to intermediate-risk PE. The model represents a realistic and well-characterized phenotype of intermediate-risk PE and creates an opportunity to test novel diagnostic methods, interventional and pharmaceutical treatments, and hands-on training for healthcare workers in interventional procedures.
AB - Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially life-threatening condition that causes abrupt obstruction of the pulmonary arteries, leading to acute right heart failure. Novel diagnostic methods and catheter-directed therapies are being developed rapidly, and there is an obvious need for a realistic PE animal model that can be used for pathophysiological evaluation and preclinical testing. This protocol introduces a porcine model employing large autologous pulmonary emboli. Instrumentations are performed with minimally invasive techniques, creating a close-chest model that enables the investigation of various treatment options with high reproducibility. Three hours after drawing blood to create autologous emboli ex vivo, the induction of PE caused an immediate increase in the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (17 ± 3 mmHg to 33 ± 6 mmHg, p < 0.0001) and heart rate (50 ± 9 beats·min-1 to 63 ± 6 beats·min-1, p < 0.0003) accompanied by a decreased cardiac output (5.0 ± 0.8 L/min to 4.5 ± 0.9 L/min, p < 0.037) compared to baseline. The CT pulmonary angiography revealed multiple emboli, and the pulmonary obstruction percentage was increased compared to baseline (0% [0-0] to 57.1% [38.8-63.3], p < 0.0001). In the acute phase, the phenotype is comparable to intermediate-risk PE. The model represents a realistic and well-characterized phenotype of intermediate-risk PE and creates an opportunity to test novel diagnostic methods, interventional and pharmaceutical treatments, and hands-on training for healthcare workers in interventional procedures.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85204756719&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3791/67177
DO - 10.3791/67177
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 39311571
AN - SCOPUS:85204756719
SN - 1940-087X
JO - Journal of Visualized Experiments
JF - Journal of Visualized Experiments
IS - 211
M1 - e67177
ER -