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A Novel Biological Role for Peptidyl-Arginine Deiminases: Citrullination of Cathelicidin LL-37 Controls the Immunostimulatory Potential of Cell-Free DNA

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

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  • Alicia Wong, Universitet Jagielloński
    • ,
  • Danuta Bryzek, Universitet Jagielloński
    • ,
  • Ewelina Dobosz, Universitet Jagielloński
    • ,
  • Carsten Scavenius
  • Pavel Svoboda, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
    • ,
  • Maria Rapala-Kozik, Universitet Jagielloński
    • ,
  • Adam Lesner, University of Gdansk
    • ,
  • Ivo Frydrych, Palacký University Olomouc
    • ,
  • Jan Enghild
  • Piotr Mydel, Universitet Jagielloński, University of Bergen
    • ,
  • Jan Pohl, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
    • ,
  • Paul R Thompson, University of Massachusetts
    • ,
  • Jan Potempa, Universitet Jagielloński, University of Louisville
    • ,
  • Joanna Koziel, Universitet Jagielloński

LL-37, the only human cathelicidin that is released during inflammation, is a potent regulator of immune responses by facilitating delivery of oligonucleotides to intracellular TLR-9, thereby enhancing the response of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) to extracellular DNA. Although important for pathogen recognition, this mechanism may facilitate development of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we show that citrullination of LL-37 by peptidyl-arginine deiminases (PADs) hindered peptide-dependent DNA uptake and sensing by pDCs. In contrast, carbamylation of the peptide (homocitrullination of Lys residues) had no effect. The efficiency of LL-37 binding to oligonucleotides and activation of pDCs was found to be inversely proportional to the number of citrullinated residues in the peptide. Similarly, preincubation of carbamylated LL-37 with PAD2 abrogated the peptide's ability to bind DNA. Conversely, LL-37 with Arg residues substituted by homoarginine, which cannot be deiminated, elicited full activity of native LL-37 regardless of PAD2 treatment. Taken together, the data showed that citrullination abolished LL-37 ability to bind DNA and altered the immunomodulatory function of the peptide. Both activities were dependent on the proper distribution of guanidinium side chains in the native peptide sequence. Moreover, our data suggest that cathelicidin/LL-37 is citrullinated by PADs during NET formation, thus affecting the inflammatory potential of NETs. Together this may represent a novel mechanism for preventing the breakdown of immunotolerance, which is dependent on the response of APCs to self-molecules (including cell-free DNA); overactivation may facilitate development of autoimmunity.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftJournal of Immunology
Vol/bind200
Nummer7
Sider (fra-til)2327-2340
Antal sider14
ISSN0022-1767
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 1 apr. 2018

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