A low level of naturally occurring antibodies associates with functional antibody deficiency

Jens Magnus Bernth Jensen; Anette Tarp Hansen; Anna Söderström; Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen; Carsten Schade Larsen; Uffe B Skov Sørensen; Steffen Thiel; Mikkel Steen Petersen

doi:10.1016/j.clim.2022.109070

A low level of naturally occurring antibodies associates with functional antibody deficiency

Jens Magnus Bernth Jensen^*, Anette Tarp Hansen, Anna Söderström, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Carsten Schade Larsen, Uffe B Skov Sørensen, Steffen Thiel, Mikkel Steen Petersen

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift/Konferencebidrag i tidsskrift /Bidrag til avis › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

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Abstract

Functional antibody deficiency is clinically assessed from antibody responses to vaccination. However, diagnostic vaccination is complex and may fail in practice. We hypothesized that the levels of naturally occurring antibodies against galactose-α-1,3-galactose (αGal) may represent alternative markers of functional antibody capacity. We included data from 229 patients with suspected primary immunodeficiency in a retrospective study. Antibody levels against αGal and twelve pneumococcal serotypes were determined with solid-phase immunoassays. Pneumococcal vaccinations and treatment with normal human immunoglobulin were assessed from medical records. Anti-αGal antibody levels correlated positively with anti-pneumococcal antibody levels measured before and after pneumococcal vaccination. Contrary to the anti-pneumococcal antibody levels, the anti-αGal antibody level showed potential for predicting subsequent immunoglobulin treatment - a marker of disease severity. Naturally occurring antibodies may reflect the functional capacity tested by diagnostic vaccination but add more useful clinical data. The clinical utility of this easy test should be evaluated in prospective studies.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	109070
Tidsskrift	Clinical Immunology
Vol/bind	241
ISSN	1521-6616
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2022.109070
Status	Udgivet - aug. 2022

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10.1016/j.clim.2022.109070Licens: CC BY

A low level of naturally occurring antibodies associates with functional antibody deficiencyForlagets udgivne version, 2,09 MBLicens: CC BY

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abstract = "Functional antibody deficiency is clinically assessed from antibody responses to vaccination. However, diagnostic vaccination is complex and may fail in practice. We hypothesized that the levels of naturally occurring antibodies against galactose-α-1,3-galactose (αGal) may represent alternative markers of functional antibody capacity. We included data from 229 patients with suspected primary immunodeficiency in a retrospective study. Antibody levels against αGal and twelve pneumococcal serotypes were determined with solid-phase immunoassays. Pneumococcal vaccinations and treatment with normal human immunoglobulin were assessed from medical records. Anti-αGal antibody levels correlated positively with anti-pneumococcal antibody levels measured before and after pneumococcal vaccination. Contrary to the anti-pneumococcal antibody levels, the anti-αGal antibody level showed potential for predicting subsequent immunoglobulin treatment - a marker of disease severity. Naturally occurring antibodies may reflect the functional capacity tested by diagnostic vaccination but add more useful clinical data. The clinical utility of this easy test should be evaluated in prospective studies.",

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AU - Bernth Jensen, Jens Magnus

AU - Hansen, Anette Tarp

AU - Söderström, Anna

AU - Jørgensen, Charlotte Sværke

AU - Larsen, Carsten Schade

AU - Skov Sørensen, Uffe B

AU - Thiel, Steffen

AU - Petersen, Mikkel Steen

PY - 2022/8

Y1 - 2022/8

N2 - Functional antibody deficiency is clinically assessed from antibody responses to vaccination. However, diagnostic vaccination is complex and may fail in practice. We hypothesized that the levels of naturally occurring antibodies against galactose-α-1,3-galactose (αGal) may represent alternative markers of functional antibody capacity. We included data from 229 patients with suspected primary immunodeficiency in a retrospective study. Antibody levels against αGal and twelve pneumococcal serotypes were determined with solid-phase immunoassays. Pneumococcal vaccinations and treatment with normal human immunoglobulin were assessed from medical records. Anti-αGal antibody levels correlated positively with anti-pneumococcal antibody levels measured before and after pneumococcal vaccination. Contrary to the anti-pneumococcal antibody levels, the anti-αGal antibody level showed potential for predicting subsequent immunoglobulin treatment - a marker of disease severity. Naturally occurring antibodies may reflect the functional capacity tested by diagnostic vaccination but add more useful clinical data. The clinical utility of this easy test should be evaluated in prospective studies.

AB - Functional antibody deficiency is clinically assessed from antibody responses to vaccination. However, diagnostic vaccination is complex and may fail in practice. We hypothesized that the levels of naturally occurring antibodies against galactose-α-1,3-galactose (αGal) may represent alternative markers of functional antibody capacity. We included data from 229 patients with suspected primary immunodeficiency in a retrospective study. Antibody levels against αGal and twelve pneumococcal serotypes were determined with solid-phase immunoassays. Pneumococcal vaccinations and treatment with normal human immunoglobulin were assessed from medical records. Anti-αGal antibody levels correlated positively with anti-pneumococcal antibody levels measured before and after pneumococcal vaccination. Contrary to the anti-pneumococcal antibody levels, the anti-αGal antibody level showed potential for predicting subsequent immunoglobulin treatment - a marker of disease severity. Naturally occurring antibodies may reflect the functional capacity tested by diagnostic vaccination but add more useful clinical data. The clinical utility of this easy test should be evaluated in prospective studies.

KW - Antibodies, Bacterial

KW - Galactose

KW - Humans

KW - Immunoglobulin G

KW - Pneumococcal Vaccines

KW - Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

KW - Prospective Studies

KW - Retrospective Studies

KW - Vaccination

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DO - 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109070

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35779828

SN - 1521-6616

VL - 241

JO - Clinical Immunology

JF - Clinical Immunology

M1 - 109070

ER -

A low level of naturally occurring antibodies associates with functional antibody deficiency

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